# VideoGrain: Modulating Space-Time Attention for Multi-grained Video Editing

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.17258 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2502.17258/

## Key facts

- Cited by 50 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Placed in Video generation, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models.
- Builds on 46 of its 50 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 24 Feb 2025.

## Placed in

- Diffusion models / [Video generation](https://mlsanity.com/diffusion/video-generation/)

## Builds on (most cited first, 30 of 46)

- [High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2112.10752/) (2021)
- [Denoising Diffusion Implicit Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2010.02502/) (2020)
- [Adding Conditional Control to Text-to-Image Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2302.05543/) (2023)
- [Prompt-to-Prompt Image Editing with Cross Attention Control](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2208.01626/) (2022)
- [RAFT: Recurrent All-Pairs Field Transforms for Optical Flow](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2003.12039/) (2020)
- [CogVideoX: Text-to-Video Diffusion Models with An Expert Transformer](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2408.06072/) (2024)
- [SDEdit: Guided Image Synthesis and Editing with Stochastic Differential Equations](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2108.01073/) (2021)
- [D-NeRF: Neural Radiance Fields for Dynamic Scenes](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2011.13961/) (2020)
- [AnimateDiff: Animate Your Personalized Text-to-Image Diffusion Models without Specific Tuning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2307.04725/) (2023)
- [Tune-A-Video: One-Shot Tuning of Image Diffusion Models for Text-to-Video Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2212.11565/) (2022)
- [Blended Diffusion for Text-driven Editing of Natural Images](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2111.14818/) (2021)
- [Plug-and-Play Diffusion Features for Text-Driven Image-to-Image Translation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2211.12572/) (2022)
- [WorldSimBench: Towards Video Generation Models as World Simulators](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.18072/) (2024)
- [GLIGEN: Open-Set Grounded Text-to-Image Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2301.07093/) (2023)
- [Attend-and-Excite: Attention-Based Semantic Guidance for Text-to-Image Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2301.13826/) (2023)
- [ModelScope Text-to-Video Technical Report](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2308.06571/) (2023)
- [DiffEdit: Diffusion-based semantic image editing with mask guidance](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.11427/) (2022)
- [Zero-shot Image-to-Image Translation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2302.03027/) (2023)
- [FateZero: Fusing Attentions for Zero-shot Text-based Video Editing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.09535/) (2023)
- [Emergent Correspondence from Image Diffusion](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2306.03881/) (2023)
- [TokenFlow: Consistent Diffusion Features for Consistent Video Editing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2307.10373/) (2023)
- [Blended Latent Diffusion](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2206.02779/) (2022)
- [MAGVIT: Masked Generative Video Transformer](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2212.05199/) (2022)
- [ControlVideo: Training-free Controllable Text-to-Video Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2305.13077/) (2023)
- [Pix2Video: Video Editing using Image Diffusion](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.12688/) (2023)
- [Video-P2P: Video Editing with Cross-attention Control](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.04761/) (2023)
- [Follow Your Pose: Pose-Guided Text-to-Video Generation using Pose-Free Videos](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2304.01186/) (2023)
- [Rerender A Video: Zero-Shot Text-Guided Video-to-Video Translation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2306.07954/) (2023)
- [Segment and Track Anything](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2305.06558/) (2023)
- [StableVideo: Text-driven Consistency-aware Diffusion Video Editing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2308.09592/) (2023)

## Built on by (most cited first, 30 of 50)

- [VBench-2.0: Advancing Video Generation Benchmark Suite for Intrinsic Faithfulness](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.21755/) (2025)
- [Controllable Video Generation: A Survey](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.16869/) (2025)
- [Follow-Your-Motion: Video Motion Transfer via Efficient Spatial-Temporal Decoupled Finetuning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2506.05207/) (2025)
- [Scaling Instruction-Based Video Editing with a High-Quality Synthetic Dataset](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.15742/) (2025)
- [EEdit: Rethinking the Spatial and Temporal Redundancy for Efficient Image Editing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.10270/) (2025)
- [T2VWorldBench: A Benchmark for Evaluating World Knowledge in Text-to-Video Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.18107/) (2025)
- [Omni-Video 2: Scaling MLLM-Conditioned Diffusion for Unified Video Generation and Editing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2602.08820/) (2026)
- [FiVE: A Fine-grained Video Editing Benchmark for Evaluating Emerging Diffusion and Rectified Flow Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.13684/) (2025)
- [Past- and Future-Informed KV Cache Policy with Salience Estimation in Autoregressive Video Diffusion](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2601.21896/) (2026)
- [Bernini: Latent Semantic Planning for Video Diffusion](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2605.22344/) (2026)
- [FIA-Edit: Frequency-Interactive Attention for Efficient and High-Fidelity Inversion-Free Text-Guided Image Editing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2511.12151/) (2025)
- [VideoCoF: Unified Video Editing with Temporal Reasoner](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2512.07469/) (2025)
- [Context Unrolling in Omni Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2604.21921/) (2026)
- [Towards Reason-Informed Video Editing in Unified Models with Self-Reflective Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2512.09924/) (2025)
- [Causally Steered Diffusion for Automated Video Counterfactual Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2506.14404/) (2025)
- [ASTRA: Let Arbitrary Subjects Transform in Video Editing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.01186/) (2025)
- [FreeViS: Training-free Video Stylization with Inconsistent References](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.01686/) (2025)
- [Attention in Diffusion Model: A Survey](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2504.03738/) (2025)
- [DFVEdit: Conditional Delta Flow Vector for Zero-shot Video Editing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2506.20967/) (2025)
- [STMI: Segmentation-Guided Token Modulation with Cross-Modal Hypergraph Interaction for Multi-Modal Object Re-Identification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2603.00695/) (2026)
- [Mamoda2.5: Enhancing Unified Multimodal Model with DiT-MoE](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2605.02641/) (2026)
- [Smart-Insertion-V: Photorealistic Video Insertion via a Closed-Loop Feedback Dual-Stream Framework](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2605.23891/) (2026)
- [ReBind: Multi-Reference Video Editing via Structured Instructions with Explicit Reference Relationships](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2607.14681/) (2026)
- [ElasticTTT: Prior-Preserving Test-Time Tuning for Video Editing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2607.21529/) (2026)
- [Causal-Entity Reflected Egocentric Traffic Accident Video Synthesis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2506.23263/) (2025)
- [Vectorized Video Representation with Easy Editing via Hierarchical Spatio-Temporally Consistent Proxy Embedding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.12256/) (2025)
- [FAME: Fairness-aware Attention-modulated Video Editing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.22960/) (2025)
- [AlignVid: Training-Free Attention Scaling for Semantic Fidelity in Text-Guided Image-to-Video Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2512.01334/) (2025)
- [ViFeEdit: A Video-Free Tuner of Your Video Diffusion Transformer](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2603.15478/) (2026)
- [StreamEdit: Training-Free Video Editing via Few-Step Streaming Video Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2605.21466/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Recent advancements in diffusion models have significantly improved video generation and editing capabilities. However, multi-grained video editing, which encompasses class-level, instance-level, and part-level modifications, remains a formidable challenge. The major difficulties in multi-grained editing include semantic misalignment of text-to-region control and feature coupling within the diffusion model. To address these difficulties, we present VideoGrain, a zero-shot approach that modulates space-time (cross- and self-) attention mechanisms to achieve fine-grained control over video content. We enhance text-to-region control by amplifying each local prompt's attention to its corresponding spatial-disentangled region while minimizing interactions with irrelevant areas in cross-attention. Additionally, we improve feature separation by increasing intra-region awareness and reducing inter-region interference in self-attention. Extensive experiments demonstrate our method achieves state-of-the-art performance in real-world scenarios. Our code, data, and demos are available at https://knightyxp.github.io/VideoGrain_project_page/