# Fairness in Agentic AI: A Unified Framework for Ethical and Equitable Multi-Agent System

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.07254 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2502.07254/

## Key facts

- Cited by 5 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Placed in Social simulation and multi-agent debate, one of 16 directions in LLM agents and tool use.
- Builds on 2 of its 2 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 11 Feb 2025.

## Placed in

- LLM agents and tool use / [Social simulation and multi-agent debate](https://mlsanity.com/agents/social-simulation-and-multi-agent-debate/)

## Builds on (most cited first, 2 of 2)

- [A Survey on Bias and Fairness in Machine Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1908.09635/) (2019)
- [A Comprehensive Survey of Bias in LLMs: Current Landscape and Future Directions](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2409.16430/) (2024)

## Built on by (most cited first, 5 of 5)

- [Agentic AI: A Comprehensive Survey of Architectures, Applications, and Future Directions](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.25445/) (2025)
- [A Tutorial on Cognitive Biases in Agentic AI-Driven 6G Autonomous Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.19973/) (2025)
- [Toward an Unbiased Collective Memory for Efficient LLM-Based Agentic 6G Cross-Domain Management](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2509.26200/) (2025)
- [LLM-Based Agentic Negotiation for 6G: Addressing Uncertainty Neglect and Tail-Event Risk](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2511.19175/) (2025)
- [Compliant with Local Controls, Collectively Discriminatory. A Governance Architecture for Multi-Agent AI in Regulated Finance](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2609.27994/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Ensuring fairness in decentralized multi-agent systems presents significant challenges due to emergent biases, systemic inefficiencies, and conflicting agent incentives. This paper provides a comprehensive survey of fairness in multi-agent AI, introducing a novel framework where fairness is treated as a dynamic, emergent property of agent interactions. The framework integrates fairness constraints, bias mitigation strategies, and incentive mechanisms to align autonomous agent behaviors with societal values while balancing efficiency and robustness. Through empirical validation, we demonstrate that incorporating fairness constraints results in more equitable decision-making. This work bridges the gap between AI ethics and system design, offering a foundation for accountable, transparent, and socially responsible multi-agent AI systems.