# Optimal User and Target Scheduling, User-Target Pairing, and Low-Resolution Phase-Only Beamforming for ISAC Systems

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.11593 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2501.11593/

## Key facts

- Cited by 1 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 20 Jan 2025.

## Built on by (most cited first, 1 of 1)

- [Feasible but Not Safe: Constraint Violations and Report-Channel Attacks in Learned Cell-Free ISAC Association](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2609.03147/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

We investigate the joint user and target scheduling, user-target pairing, and low-resolution phase-only beamforming design for integrated sensing and communications (ISAC). Scheduling determines which users and targets are served, while pairing specifies which users and targets are grouped into pairs. Additionally, the beamformers are designed using few-bit constant-modulus phase shifts. This resource allocation problem is a nonconvex mixed-integer nonlinear program (MINLP) and challenging to solve. To address it, we propose an exact mixed-integer linear program (MILP) reformulation, which leads to a globally optimal solution. Our results demonstrate the superiority of an optimal joint design compared to heuristic stage-wise approaches, which are highly sensitive to scenario characteristics.