# UNIR-Net: A Novel Approach for Restoring Underwater Images with Non-Uniform Illumination Using Synthetic Data

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.09053 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2501.09053/

## Key facts

- Cited by 1 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 15 Jan 2025.

## Built on by (most cited first, 1 of 1)

- [Ocular Verification for Virtual Reality](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2607.20790/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Restoring underwater images affected by non-uniform illumination (NUI) is essential to improve visual quality and usability in marine applications. Conventional methods often fall short in handling complex illumination patterns, while learning-based approaches face challenges due to the lack of targeted datasets. To address these limitations, the Underwater Non-uniform Illumination Restoration Network (UNIR-Net) is proposed. UNIR-Net integrates multiple components, including illumination enhancement, attention mechanisms, visual refinement, and contrast correction, to effectively restore underwater images affected by NUI. In addition, the Paired Underwater Non-uniform Illumination (PUNI) dataset is introduced, specifically designed for training and evaluating models under NUI conditions. Experimental results on PUNI and the large-scale real-world Non-Uniform Illumination Dataset (NUID) show that UNIR-Net achieves superior performance in both quantitative metrics and visual outcomes. UNIR-Net also improves downstream tasks such as underwater semantic segmentation, highlighting its practical relevance. The code of this method is available at https://github.com/xingyumex/UNIR-Net