# Temporal and Spatial Super Resolution with Latent Diffusion Model in Medical MRI images

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.23898 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.23898/

## Key facts

- Cited by 1 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Placed in Medical imaging and segmentation, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models.
- Builds on 11 of its 17 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 29 Oct 2024.

## Placed in

- Diffusion models / [Medical imaging and segmentation](https://mlsanity.com/diffusion/medical-imaging-and-segmentation/)

## Builds on (most cited first, 11 of 11)

- [High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2112.10752/) (2021)
- [Taming Transformers for High-Resolution Image Synthesis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2012.09841/) (2020)
- [Real-ESRGAN: Training Real-World Blind Super-Resolution with Pure Synthetic Data](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2107.10833/) (2021)
- [ResShift: Efficient Diffusion Model for Image Super-resolution by Residual Shifting](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2307.12348/) (2023)
- [SinSR: Diffusion-Based Image Super-Resolution in a Single Step](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2311.14760/) (2023)
- [SimDA: Simple Diffusion Adapter for Efficient Video Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2308.09710/) (2023)
- [LDMVFI: Video Frame Interpolation with Latent Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.09508/) (2023)
- [Rethinking Diffusion Model for Multi-Contrast MRI Super-Resolution](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2404.04785/) (2024)
- [Arbitrary-Scale Image Generation and Upsampling using Latent Diffusion Model and Implicit Neural Decoder](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.10255/) (2024)
- [Generative AI Enables EEG Super-Resolution via Spatio-Temporal Adaptive Diffusion Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2407.03089/) (2024)
- [Data-Efficient Unsupervised Interpolation Without Any Intermediate Frame for 4D Medical Images](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2404.01464/) (2024)

## Built on by (most cited first, 1 of 1)

- [Domain-Specific Latent Representations Improve the Fidelity of Diffusion-Based Medical Image Super-Resolution](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2604.12152/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Super Resolution (SR) plays a critical role in computer vision, particularly in medical imaging, where hardware and acquisition time constraints often result in low spatial and temporal resolution. While diffusion models have been applied for both spatial and temporal SR, few studies have explored their use for joint spatial and temporal SR, particularly in medical imaging. In this work, we address this gap by proposing to use a Latent Diffusion Model (LDM) combined with a Vector Quantised GAN (VQGAN)-based encoder-decoder architecture for joint super resolution. We frame SR as an image denoising problem, focusing on improving both spatial and temporal resolution in medical images. Using the cardiac MRI dataset from the Data Science Bowl Cardiac Challenge, consisting of 2D cine images with a spatial resolution of 256x256 and 8-14 slices per time-step, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach. Our LDM model achieves Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) of 30.37, Structural Similarity Index (SSIM) of 0.7580, and Learned Perceptual Image Patch Similarity (LPIPS) of 0.2756, outperforming simple baseline method by 5% in PSNR, 6.5% in SSIM, 39% in LPIPS. Our LDM model generates images with high fidelity and perceptual quality with 15 diffusion steps. These results suggest that LDMs hold promise for advancing super resolution in medical imaging, potentially enhancing diagnostic accuracy and patient outcomes. Code link is also shared.