# The KnowWhereGraph Ontology

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.13948 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.13948/

## Key facts

- Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 2 of its 38 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 17 Oct 2024.

## Builds on (most cited first, 2 of 2)

- [SOSA: A Lightweight Ontology for Sensors, Observations, Samples, and Actuators](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1805.09979/) (2018)
- [MODL: A Modular Ontology Design Library](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1904.05405/) (2019)

## Built on by (most cited first, 2 of 2)

- [Accelerating Knowledge Graph and Ontology Engineering with Large Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2411.09601/) (2024)
- [Ontology Population using LLMs](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2411.01612/) (2024)

## Abstract (arXiv)

KnowWhereGraph is one of the largest fully publicly available geospatial knowledge graphs. It includes data from 30 layers on natural hazards (e.g., hurricanes, wildfires), climate variables (e.g., air temperature, precipitation), soil properties, crop and land-cover types, demographics, and human health, various place and region identifiers, among other themes. These have been leveraged through the graph by a variety of applications to address challenges in food security and agricultural supply chains; sustainability related to soil conservation practices and farm labor; and delivery of emergency humanitarian aid following a disaster. In this paper, we introduce the ontology that acts as the schema for KnowWhereGraph. This broad overview provides insight into the requirements and design specifications for the graph and its schema, including the development methodology (modular ontology modeling) and the resources utilized to implement, materialize, and deploy KnowWhereGraph with its end-user interfaces and public query SPARQL endpoint.