# A State-of-the-Art Morphosyntactic Parser and Lemmatizer for Ancient Greek

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.12055 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.12055/

## Key facts

- Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 6 of its 22 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 15 Oct 2024.

## Builds on (most cited first, 6 of 6)

- [Deep Biaffine Attention for Neural Dependency Parsing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1611.01734/) (2016)
- [Time for a change: a tutorial for comparing multiple classifiers through Bayesian analysis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1606.04316/) (2016)
- [Trankit: A Light-Weight Transformer-based Toolkit for Multilingual Natural Language Processing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2101.03289/) (2021)
- [Joint Lemmatization and Morphological Tagging with LEMMING](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2405.18308/) (2024)
- [Semi-Supervised Neural System for Tagging, Parsing and Lematization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2004.12450/) (2020)
- [Opera Graeca Adnotata: Building a 34M+ Token Multilayer Corpus for Ancient Greek](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2404.00739/) (2024)

## Built on by (most cited first, 2 of 2)

- [Automatic Annotation of Ancient Greek Vowel Length](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2608.01935/) (2026)
- [Stoicheia: Character-Level Masked Diffusion for Ancient Greek Textual Restoration, Parsing, and Metrical Scansion](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2608.07249/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

This paper presents an experiment consisting in the comparison of six models to identify a state-of-the-art morphosyntactic parser and lemmatizer for Ancient Greek capable of annotating according to the Ancient Greek Dependency Treebank annotation scheme. A normalized version of the major collections of annotated texts was used to (i) train the baseline model Dithrax with randomly initialized character embeddings and (ii) fine-tune Trankit and four recent models pretrained on Ancient Greek texts, i.e., GreBERTa and PhilBERTa for morphosyntactic annotation and GreTA and PhilTa for lemmatization. A Bayesian analysis shows that Dithrax and Trankit annotate morphology practically equivalently, while syntax is best annotated by Trankit and lemmata by GreTa. The results of the experiment suggest that token embeddings are not sufficient to achieve high UAS and LAS scores unless they are coupled with a modeling strategy specifically designed to capture syntactic relationships. The dataset and best-performing models are made available online for reuse.