# MuseTalk: Real-Time High-Fidelity Video Dubbing via Spatio-Temporal Sampling

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.10122 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.10122/

## Key facts

- Cited by 28 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 45 of its 59 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 14 Oct 2024.

## Builds on (most cited first, 30 of 45)

- [Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2006.11239/) (2020)
- [U-Net: Convolutional Networks for Biomedical Image Segmentation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1505.04597/) (2015)
- [High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2112.10752/) (2021)
- [Very Deep Convolutional Networks for Large-Scale Image Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1409.1556/) (2014)
- [Robust Speech Recognition via Large-Scale Weak Supervision](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2212.04356/) (2022)
- [wav2vec 2.0: A Framework for Self-Supervised Learning of Speech Representations](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2006.11477/) (2020)
- [Instant Neural Graphics Primitives with a Multiresolution Hash Encoding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2201.05989/) (2022)
- [Perceptual Losses for Real-Time Style Transfer and Super-Resolution](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1603.08155/) (2016)
- [Improved Training of Wasserstein GANs](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1704.00028/) (2017)
- [Decoupled Weight Decay Regularization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1711.05101/) (2017)
- [AnimateDiff: Animate Your Personalized Text-to-Image Diffusion Models without Specific Tuning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2307.04725/) (2023)
- [Least Squares Generative Adversarial Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1611.04076/) (2016)
- [Animate Anyone: Consistent and Controllable Image-to-Video Synthesis for Character Animation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2311.17117/) (2023)
- [Which Training Methods for GANs do actually Converge?](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1801.04406/) (2018)
- [A Lip Sync Expert Is All You Need for Speech to Lip Generation In The Wild](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2008.10010/) (2020)
- [SadTalker: Learning Realistic 3D Motion Coefficients for Stylized Audio-Driven Single Image Talking Face Animation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2211.12194/) (2022)
- [Towards Real-World Blind Face Restoration with Generative Facial Prior](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2101.04061/) (2021)
- [AD-NeRF: Audio Driven Neural Radiance Fields for Talking Head Synthesis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.11078/) (2021)
- [MakeItTalk: Speaker-Aware Talking-Head Animation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2004.12992/) (2020)
- [Pose-Controllable Talking Face Generation by Implicitly Modularized Audio-Visual Representation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2104.11116/) (2021)
- [Hierarchical Cross-Modal Talking Face Generationwith Dynamic Pixel-Wise Loss](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1905.03820/) (2019)
- [EMO: Emote Portrait Alive -- Generating Expressive Portrait Videos with Audio2Video Diffusion Model under Weak Conditions](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2402.17485/) (2024)
- [Talking Face Generation by Adversarially Disentangled Audio-Visual Representation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1807.07860/) (2018)
- [A Survey on Video Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2310.10647/) (2023)
- [LivePortrait: Efficient Portrait Animation with Stitching and Retargeting Control](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2407.03168/) (2024)
- [Hallo: Hierarchical Audio-Driven Visual Synthesis for Portrait Image Animation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2406.08801/) (2024)
- [EchoMimic: Lifelike Audio-Driven Portrait Animations through Editable Landmark Conditions](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2407.08136/) (2024)
- [VASA-1: Lifelike Audio-Driven Talking Faces Generated in Real Time](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2404.10667/) (2024)
- [VFHQ: A High-Quality Dataset and Benchmark for Video Face Super-Resolution](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2205.03409/) (2022)
- [Lip Movements Generation at a Glance](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1803.10404/) (2018)

## Built on by (most cited first, 28 of 28)

- [LatentSync: Taming Audio-Conditioned Latent Diffusion Models for Lip Sync with SyncNet Supervision](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2412.09262/) (2024)
- [AnyTalker: Scaling Multi-Person Talking Video Generation with Interactivity Refinement](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2511.23475/) (2025)
- [SayAnything: Audio-Driven Lip Synchronization with Conditional Video Diffusion](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2502.11515/) (2025)
- [MIND-V: Hierarchical World Model for Long-Horizon Robotic Manipulation with RL-based Physical Alignment](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2512.06628/) (2025)
- [JUST-DUB-IT: Video Dubbing via Joint Audio-Visual Diffusion](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2601.22143/) (2026)
- [Weakly-supervised Audio Temporal Forgery Localization via Progressive Audio-language Co-learning Network](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.01880/) (2025)
- [Advancing Talking Head Generation: A Comprehensive Survey of Multi-Modal Methodologies, Datasets, Evaluation Metrics, and Loss Functions](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.02900/) (2025)
- [EDTalk++: Full Disentanglement for Controllable Talking Head Synthesis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2508.13442/) (2025)
- [TriDF: Evaluating Perception, Detection, and Hallucination for Interpretable DeepFake Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2512.10652/) (2025)
- [EditYourself: Audio-Driven Generation and Manipulation of Talking Head Videos with Diffusion Transformers](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2601.22127/) (2026)
- [SINGER: Vivid Audio-driven Singing Video Generation with Multi-scale Spectral Diffusion Model](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2412.03430/) (2024)
- [Removing Averaging: Personalized Lip-Sync Driven Characters Based on Identity Adapter](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.06397/) (2025)
- [SyncLipMAE: Contrastive Masked Pretraining for Audio-Visual Talking-Face Representation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.10069/) (2025)
- [Assessing Identity Leakage in Talking Face Generation: Metrics and Evaluation Framework](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2511.08613/) (2025)
- [UniSync: Towards Generalizable and High-Fidelity Lip Synchronization for Challenging Scenarios](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2603.03882/) (2026)
- [StreamWise: Serving Multi-Modal Generation in Real-Time at Scale](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2603.05800/) (2026)
- [EAD-Net: Emotion-Aware Talking Head Generation with Spatial Refinement and Temporal Coherence](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2604.23325/) (2026)
- [Fre-Res: Frequency-Residual Video Token Compression for Efficient Video MLLMs](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2605.16366/) (2026)
- [HighSync: High-Quality Lip Synchronization via Latent Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2605.16918/) (2026)
- [TokTalk: Expressive Real-time Facial Animation from Audio-LLM Tokens](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2605.31294/) (2026)
- [MindFlow: Harmonizing Cognitive Semantics and Acoustic Dynamics for Facial Animation Generation in Dyadic Conversations](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2606.27779/) (2026)
- [KM-Speaker: Keypoint-Based Style Control for High-Quality Speech-Driven 3D Facial Animation and Dialogue Localization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2606.28568/) (2026)
- [Unlocking Motion in Expressions: Temporal Calibration for Referring Video Object Segmentation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2608.16332/) (2026)
- [Can Tainted Pixels Expose Deepfake Videos?](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2608.27492/) (2026)
- [ComplexSync: High-Fidelity and Real-Time Lip Sync in Complex Scenarios](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2609.29225/) (2026)
- [SWT: Self-Supervised Video Object Segmentation via Sliding, Wavelet and Transportation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2609.31725/) (2026)
- [Beyond Lip Sync: Reference-Grounded Oral Refinement for Audio-Driven Portrait Animation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2609.38019/) (2026)
- [Talk Like You: Imitating How You Speak in Real-Time Talking Head Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.06658/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Real-time video dubbing that preserves identity consistency while achieving accurate lip synchronization remains a critical challenge. Existing approaches face a trilemma: diffusion-based methods achieve high visual fidelity but suffer from prohibitive computational costs, while GAN-based solutions sacrifice lip-sync accuracy or dental details for real-time performance. We present MuseTalk, a novel two-stage training framework that resolves this trade-off through latent space optimization and spatio-temporal data sampling strategy. Our key innovations include: (1) During the Facial Abstract Pretraining stage, we propose Informative Frame Sampling to temporally align reference-source pose pairs, eliminating redundant feature interference while preserving identity cues. (2) In the Lip-Sync Adversarial Finetuning stage, we employ Dynamic Margin Sampling to spatially select the most suitable lip-movement-promoting regions, balancing audio-visual synchronization and dental clarity. (3) MuseTalk establishes an effective audio-visual feature fusion framework in the latent space, delivering 30 FPS output at 256*256 resolution on an NVIDIA V100 GPU. Extensive experiments demonstrate that MuseTalk outperforms state-of-the-art methods in visual fidelity while achieving comparable lip-sync accuracy. %The codes and models will be made publicly available upon acceptance. The code is made available at hrefhttps://github.com/TMElyralab/MuseTalkhttps://github.com/TMElyralab/MuseTalk