# Fast Feedforward 3D Gaussian Splatting Compression

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.08017 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.08017/

## Key facts

- Cited by 52 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 43 of its 53 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 10 Oct 2024.

## Builds on (most cited first, 30 of 43)

- [PyTorch: An Imperative Style, High-Performance Deep Learning Library](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1912.01703/) (2019)
- [The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Deep Features as a Perceptual Metric](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1801.03924/) (2018)
- [3D Gaussian Splatting for Real-Time Radiance Field Rendering](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2308.04079/) (2023)
- [PointNet++: Deep Hierarchical Feature Learning on Point Sets in a Metric Space](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1706.02413/) (2017)
- [Instant Neural Graphics Primitives with a Multiresolution Hash Encoding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2201.05989/) (2022)
- [Estimating or Propagating Gradients Through Stochastic Neurons for Conditional Computation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1308.3432/) (2013)
- [Mip-NeRF 360: Unbounded Anti-Aliased Neural Radiance Fields](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2111.12077/) (2021)
- [Objaverse: A Universe of Annotated 3D Objects](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2212.08051/) (2022)
- [TensoRF: Tensorial Radiance Fields](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2203.09517/) (2022)
- [Efficient Geometry-aware 3D Generative Adversarial Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2112.07945/) (2021)
- [Direct Voxel Grid Optimization: Super-fast Convergence for Radiance Fields Reconstruction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2111.11215/) (2021)
- [Variational image compression with a scale hyperprior](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1802.01436/) (2018)
- [LGM: Large Multi-View Gaussian Model for High-Resolution 3D Content Creation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2402.05054/) (2024)
- [Scaffold-GS: Structured 3D Gaussians for View-Adaptive Rendering](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2312.00109/) (2023)
- [pixelSplat: 3D Gaussian Splats from Image Pairs for Scalable Generalizable 3D Reconstruction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2312.12337/) (2023)
- [MVSplat: Efficient 3D Gaussian Splatting from Sparse Multi-View Images](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.14627/) (2024)
- [DL3DV-10K: A Large-Scale Scene Dataset for Deep Learning-based 3D Vision](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2312.16256/) (2023)
- [LightGaussian: Unbounded 3D Gaussian Compression with 15x Reduction and 200+ FPS](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2311.17245/) (2023)
- [Compact 3D Gaussian Representation for Radiance Field](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2311.13681/) (2023)
- [Splatter Image: Ultra-Fast Single-View 3D Reconstruction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2312.13150/) (2023)
- [ImageDream: Image-Prompt Multi-view Diffusion for 3D Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2312.02201/) (2023)
- [Infinite Nature: Perpetual View Generation of Natural Scenes from a Single Image](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2012.09855/) (2020)
- [Compressed 3D Gaussian Splatting for Accelerated Novel View Synthesis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2401.02436/) (2023)
- [Mini-Splatting: Representing Scenes with a Constrained Number of Gaussians](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.14166/) (2024)
- [HAC: Hash-grid Assisted Context for 3D Gaussian Splatting Compression](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.14530/) (2024)
- [EAGLES: Efficient Accelerated 3D Gaussians with Lightweight EncodingS](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2312.04564/) (2023)
- [RichDreamer: A Generalizable Normal-Depth Diffusion Model for Detail Richness in Text-to-3D](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2311.16918/) (2023)
- [Compact 3D Scene Representation via Self-Organizing Gaussian Grids](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2312.13299/) (2023)
- [ContextGS: Compact 3D Gaussian Splatting with Anchor Level Context Model](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2405.20721/) (2024)
- [Compressible-composable NeRF via Rank-residual Decomposition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2205.14870/) (2022)

## Built on by (most cited first, 30 of 52)

- [HAC++: Towards 100X Compression of 3D Gaussian Splatting](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2501.12255/) (2025)
- [SANA-WM: Efficient Minute-Scale World Modeling with Hybrid Linear Diffusion Transformer](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2605.15178/) (2026)
- [PCGS: Progressive Compression of 3D Gaussian Splatting](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.08511/) (2025)
- [Optimized Minimal 3D Gaussian Splatting](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.16924/) (2025)
- [SpaceVista: All-Scale Visual Spatial Reasoning from mm to km](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.09606/) (2025)
- [Mobile-GS: Real-time Gaussian Splatting for Mobile Devices](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2603.11531/) (2026)
- [Temporally Compressed 3D Gaussian Splatting for Dynamic Scenes](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2412.05700/) (2024)
- [HybridGS: High-Efficiency Gaussian Splatting Data Compression using Dual-Channel Sparse Representation and Point Cloud Encoder](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.01938/) (2025)
- [EcoSplat: Efficiency-controllable Feed-forward 3D Gaussian Splatting from Multi-view Images](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2512.18692/) (2025)
- [ARTDECO: Towards Efficient and High-Fidelity On-the-Fly 3D Reconstruction with Structured Scene Representation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.08551/) (2025)
- [ADC-GS: Anchor-Driven Deformable and Compressed Gaussian Splatting for Dynamic Scene Reconstruction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.08196/) (2025)
- [TinySplat: Feedforward Approach for Generating Compact 3D Scene Representation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2506.09479/) (2025)
- [D-FCGS: Feedforward Compression of Dynamic Gaussian Splatting for Free-Viewpoint Videos](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.05859/) (2025)
- [Improving 3D Gaussian Splatting Compression by Scene-Adaptive Lattice Vector Quantization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2509.13482/) (2025)
- [Feed-Forward 3D Gaussian Splatting Compression with Long-Context Modeling](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2512.00877/) (2025)
- [CAT-3DGS Pro: A New Benchmark for Efficient 3DGS Compression](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.12862/) (2025)
- [Puzzle Similarity: A Perceptually-guided Cross-Reference Metric for Artifact Detection in 3D Scene Reconstructions](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2411.17489/) (2024)
- [TED-4DGS: Temporally Activated and Embedding-based Deformation for 4DGS Compression](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2512.05446/) (2025)
- [REFINE: Super-efficient 3D Gaussian Splatting Pruning via Rendering-Free Primitive Importance](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2606.09074/) (2026)
- [SUCCESS-GS: Survey of Compactness and Compression for Efficient Static and Dynamic Gaussian Splatting](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2512.07197/) (2025)
- [Lightweight 3D Gaussian Splatting Compression via Video Codec](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2512.11186/) (2025)
- [Splatwizard: A Benchmark Toolkit for 3D Gaussian Splatting Compression](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2512.24742/) (2025)
- [Benchmarking PhD-Level Coding in 3D Geometric Computer Vision](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2603.30038/) (2026)
- [CodecSplat: Ultra-Compact Latent Coding for Feed-Forward 3D Gaussian Splatting](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2605.25563/) (2026)
- [SPARE-GS: Structural Parsimony and Resource Efficiency for 3D Gaussian Splatting](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2607.16624/) (2026)
- [Learning Hierarchical Sparse Transform Coding for 3DGS Compression](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.22908/) (2025)
- [Leveraging Learned Image Prior for 3D Gaussian Compression](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.14705/) (2025)
- [GenSplatCodec: Feed-Forward Gaussian Splatting Compression via One-Step Diffusion](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2607.24403/) (2026)
- [Transforming harmonic coefficients for 3D splat compression](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2609.15735/) (2026)
- [P-4DGS: Predictive 4D Gaussian Splatting with 90× Compression](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.10030/) (2025)

## Abstract (arXiv)

With 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) advancing real-time and high-fidelity rendering for novel view synthesis, storage requirements pose challenges for their widespread adoption. Although various compression techniques have been proposed, previous art suffers from a common limitation: for any existing 3DGS, per-scene optimization is needed to achieve compression, making the compression sluggish and slow. To address this issue, we introduce Fast Compression of 3D Gaussian Splatting (FCGS), an optimization-free model that can compress 3DGS representations rapidly in a single feed-forward pass, which significantly reduces compression time from minutes to seconds. To enhance compression efficiency, we propose a multi-path entropy module that assigns Gaussian attributes to different entropy constraint paths for balance between size and fidelity. We also carefully design both inter- and intra-Gaussian context models to remove redundancies among the unstructured Gaussian blobs. Overall, FCGS achieves a compression ratio of over 20X while maintaining fidelity, surpassing most per-scene SOTA optimization-based methods. Our code is available at: https://github.com/YihangChen-ee/FCGS.