# Setting the AI Agenda -- Evidence from Sweden in the ChatGPT Era

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.16946 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2409.16946/

## Key facts

- No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 10 of its 33 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 25 Sep 2024.

## Builds on (most cited first, 10 of 10)

- [A Survey on Bias and Fairness in Machine Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1908.09635/) (2019)
- [Man is to Computer Programmer as Woman is to Homemaker? Debiasing Word Embeddings](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1607.06520/) (2016)
- [ChatGPT Outperforms Crowd-Workers for Text-Annotation Tasks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.15056/) (2023)
- [Measuring and Improving Consistency in Pretrained Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2102.01017/) (2021)
- [Stable Bias: Analyzing Societal Representations in Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.11408/) (2023)
- [The Generative AI Paradox: "What It Can Create, It May Not Understand"](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2311.00059/) (2023)
- [Can ChatGPT Defend its Belief in Truth? Evaluating LLM Reasoning via Debate](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2305.13160/) (2023)
- [LLMaAA: Making Large Language Models as Active Annotators](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2310.19596/) (2023)
- [The Effect of Scaling, Retrieval Augmentation and Form on the Factual Consistency of Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2311.01307/) (2023)
- [Landscape of Generative AI in Global News: Topics, Sentiments, and Spatiotemporal Analysis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2401.08899/) (2024)

## Abstract (arXiv)

This paper examines the development of the Artificial Intelligence (AI) meta-debate in Sweden before and after the release of ChatGPT. From the perspective of agenda-setting theory, we propose that it is an elite outside of party politics that is leading the debate -- i.e. that the politicians are relatively silent when it comes to this rapid development. We also suggest that the debate has become more substantive and risk-oriented in recent years. To investigate this claim, we draw on an original dataset of elite-level documents from the early 2010s to the present, using op-eds published in a number of leading Swedish newspapers. By conducting a qualitative content analysis of these materials, our preliminary findings lend support to the expectation that an academic, rather than a political elite is steering the debate.