# Evaluating Low-Resource Lane Following Algorithms for Compute-Constrained Automated Vehicles

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.03114 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2409.03114/

## Key facts

- No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 9 of its 28 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 4 Sep 2024.

## Builds on (most cited first, 9 of 9)

- [Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1512.03385/) (2015)
- [MapTR: Structured Modeling and Learning for Online Vectorized HD Map Construction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2208.14437/) (2022)
- [Spatial As Deep: Spatial CNN for Traffic Scene Understanding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1712.06080/) (2017)
- [Keep your Eyes on the Lane: Real-time Attention-guided Lane Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2010.12035/) (2020)
- [CurveLane-NAS: Unifying Lane-Sensitive Architecture Search and Adaptive Point Blending](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2007.12147/) (2020)
- [RESA: Recurrent Feature-Shift Aggregator for Lane Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2008.13719/) (2020)
- [DeepLSD: Line Segment Detection and Refinement with Deep Image Gradients](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2212.07766/) (2022)
- [LaneSegNet: Map Learning with Lane Segment Perception for Autonomous Driving](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2312.16108/) (2023)
- [LaneNet: Real-Time Lane Detection Networks for Autonomous Driving](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1807.01726/) (2018)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Reliable lane-following is essential for automated and assisted driving, yet existing solutions often rely on models that require extensive computational resources, limiting their deployment in compute-constrained vehicles. We evaluate five low-resource lane-following algorithms designed for real-time operation on vehicles with limited computing resources. Performance was assessed through simulation and deployment on real drive-by-wire electric vehicles, with evaluation metrics including reliability, comfort, speed, and adaptability. The top-performing methods used unsupervised learning to detect and separate lane lines with processing time under 10 ms per frame, outperforming compute-intensive and poor generalizing deep learning approaches. These approaches demonstrated robustness across lighting conditions, road textures, and lane geometries. The findings highlight the potential for efficient lane detection approaches to enhance the accessibility and reliability of autonomous vehicle technologies. Reducing computing requirements enables lane keeping to be widely deployed in vehicles as part of lower-level automation, including active safety systems.