# Promises and challenges of generative artificial intelligence for human learning

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2408.12143 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2408.12143/

## Key facts

- Cited by 17 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 22 Aug 2024.

## Built on by (most cited first, 17 of 17)

- [Does the Prompt-based Large Language Model Recognize Students' Demographics and Introduce Bias in Essay Scoring?](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2504.21330/) (2025)
- [Towards responsible AI for education: Hybrid human-AI to confront the Elephant in the room](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2504.16148/) (2025)
- [From Passive Tool to Socio-cognitive Teammate: A Conceptual Framework for Agentic AI in Human-AI Collaborative Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2508.14825/) (2025)
- [Distinguishing performance gains from learning when using generative AI](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2605.13731/) (2026)
- [Generative AI as a Pillar for Predicting 2D and 3D Wildfire Spread: Beyond Physics-Based Models and Traditional Deep Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2506.02485/) (2025)
- [CurLL: A Developmental Framework to Evaluate Continual Learning in Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.13008/) (2025)
- [Agentic AI as Undercover Teammates: Argumentative Knowledge Construction in Hybrid Human-AI Collaborative Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2512.08933/) (2025)
- [Designing AI-Resilient Assessments Using Interconnected Problems: A Theoretically Grounded and Empirically Validated Framework](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2512.10758/) (2025)
- [Neural-Symbolic Knowledge Tracing: Injecting Educational Knowledge into Deep Learning for Responsible Learner Modelling](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2604.08263/) (2026)
- [Exploring Artificial Intelligence Tutor Teammate Adaptability to Harness Discovery Curiosity and Promote Learning in the Context of Interactive Molecular Dynamics](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2506.22520/) (2025)
- [Socratic Mind: Impact of a Novel GenAI-Powered Assessment Tool on Student Learning and Higher-Order Thinking](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2509.16262/) (2025)
- [Investigating Self-regulated Learning Sequences within a Generative AI-based Intelligent Tutoring System](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2601.17000/) (2026)
- [Human-AI Collaboration Reconfigures Group Regulation from Socially Shared to Hybrid Co-Regulation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2604.08344/) (2026)
- [Access Timing as Scaffolding: A Reinforcement Learning Approach to GenAI in Education](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2605.15850/) (2026)
- [Toward Measuring AI's Effects on Skill Formation: The Stock-Formation Gap](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2605.16283/) (2026)
- [SCAN: A Decision-Making Framework for Effective Task Allocation with Generative AI](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2606.15601/) (2026)
- [Education-centered critical policy analysis of AI: Ghana's AI strategy as a case](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2608.16910/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) holds the potential to transform the delivery, cultivation, and evaluation of human learning. This Perspective examines the integration of GenAI as a tool for human learning, addressing its promises and challenges from a holistic viewpoint that integrates insights from learning sciences, educational technology, and human-computer interaction. GenAI promises to enhance learning experiences by scaling personalised support, diversifying learning materials, enabling timely feedback, and innovating assessment methods. However, it also presents critical issues such as model imperfections, ethical dilemmas, and the disruption of traditional assessments. Cultivating AI literacy and adaptive skills is imperative for facilitating informed engagement with GenAI technologies. Rigorous research across learning contexts is essential to evaluate GenAI's impact on human cognition, metacognition, and creativity. Humanity must learn with and about GenAI, ensuring it becomes a powerful ally in the pursuit of knowledge and innovation, rather than a crutch that undermines our intellectual abilities.