# PsychoLex: Unveiling the Psychological Mind of Large Language Models

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2408.08848 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2408.08848/

## Key facts

- Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 20 of its 24 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 16 Aug 2024.

## Builds on (most cited first, 20 of 20)

- [LoRA: Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2106.09685/) (2021)
- [Self-Instruct: Aligning Language Models with Self-Generated Instructions](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2212.10560/) (2022)
- [Qwen2 Technical Report](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2407.10671/) (2024)
- [AutoGen: Enabling Next-Gen LLM Applications via Multi-Agent Conversation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2308.08155/) (2023)
- [Phi-3 Technical Report: A Highly Capable Language Model Locally on Your Phone](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2404.14219/) (2024)
- [Gemma: Open Models Based on Gemini Research and Technology](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.08295/) (2024)
- [Large Language Models: A Survey](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2402.06196/) (2024)
- [Aya Model: An Instruction Finetuned Open-Access Multilingual Language Model](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2402.07827/) (2024)
- [Evaluating Large Language Models: A Comprehensive Survey](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2310.19736/) (2023)
- [Continual Learning with Pre-Trained Models: A Survey](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2401.16386/) (2024)
- [mGPT: Few-Shot Learners Go Multilingual](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2204.07580/) (2022)
- [Aya 23: Open Weight Releases to Further Multilingual Progress](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2405.15032/) (2024)
- [ParsiNLU: A Suite of Language Understanding Challenges for Persian](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2012.06154/) (2020)
- [Psy-LLM: Scaling up Global Mental Health Psychological Services with AI-based Large Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2307.11991/) (2023)
- [Khayyam Challenge (PersianMMLU): Is Your LLM Truly Wise to The Persian Language?](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2404.06644/) (2024)
- [Exploring the Frontiers of LLMs in Psychological Applications: A Comprehensive Review](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2401.01519/) (2024)
- [PersianLLaMA: Towards Building First Persian Large Language Model](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2312.15713/) (2023)
- [Benchmarking Large Language Models for Persian: A Preliminary Study Focusing on ChatGPT](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2404.02403/) (2024)
- [Are LLMs the Master of All Trades? : Exploring Domain-Agnostic Reasoning Skills of LLMs](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.12810/) (2023)
- [PersianMind: A Cross-Lingual Persian-English Large Language Model](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2401.06466/) (2024)

## Built on by (most cited first, 2 of 2)

- [HamRaz: A Culture-Based Persian Conversation Dataset for Person-Centered Therapy Using LLM Agents](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2502.05982/) (2025)
- [Large Language Models for Depression Recognition in Spoken Language Integrating Psychological Knowledge](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.22863/) (2025)

## Abstract (arXiv)

This paper explores the intersection of psychology and artificial intelligence through the development and evaluation of specialized Large Language Models (LLMs). We introduce PsychoLex, a suite of resources designed to enhance LLMs' proficiency in psychological tasks in both Persian and English. Key contributions include the PsychoLexQA dataset for instructional content and the PsychoLexEval dataset for rigorous evaluation of LLMs in complex psychological scenarios. Additionally, we present the PsychoLexLLaMA model, optimized specifically for psychological applications, demonstrating superior performance compared to general-purpose models. The findings underscore the potential of tailored LLMs for advancing psychological research and applications, while also highlighting areas for further refinement. This research offers a foundational step towards integrating LLMs into specialized psychological domains, with implications for future advancements in AI-driven psychological practice.