# reCSE: Portable Reshaping Features for Sentence Embedding in Self-supervised Contrastive Learning

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2408.04975 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2408.04975/

## Key facts

- No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 28 of its 46 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 9 Aug 2024.

## Builds on (most cited first, 28 of 28)

- [BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1810.04805/) (2018)
- [Language Models are Few-Shot Learners](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2005.14165/) (2020)
- [GPT-4 Technical Report](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.08774/) (2023)
- [Microsoft COCO: Common Objects in Context](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1405.0312/) (2014)
- [RoBERTa: A Robustly Optimized BERT Pretraining Approach](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1907.11692/) (2019)
- [A Simple Framework for Contrastive Learning of Visual Representations](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2002.05709/) (2020)
- [Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1908.10084/) (2019)
- [Representation Learning with Contrastive Predictive Coding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1807.03748/) (2018)
- [Momentum Contrast for Unsupervised Visual Representation Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1911.05722/) (2019)
- [SimCSE: Simple Contrastive Learning of Sentence Embeddings](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2104.08821/) (2021)
- [Understanding Contrastive Representation Learning through Alignment and Uniformity on the Hypersphere](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2005.10242/) (2020)
- [SemEval-2017 Task 1: Semantic Textual Similarity - Multilingual and Cross-lingual Focused Evaluation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1708.00055/) (2017)
- [How Contextual are Contextualized Word Representations? Comparing the Geometry of BERT, ELMo, and GPT-2 Embeddings](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1909.00512/) (2019)
- [Keystroke Dynamics as Part of Lifelogging](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2010.10144/) (2020)
- [Skip-Thought Vectors](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1506.06726/) (2015)
- [ConSERT: A Contrastive Framework for Self-Supervised Sentence Representation Transfer](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2105.11741/) (2021)
- [Whitening Sentence Representations for Better Semantics and Faster Retrieval](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.15316/) (2021)
- [DiffCSE: Difference-based Contrastive Learning for Sentence Embeddings](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2204.10298/) (2022)
- [Self-Guided Contrastive Learning for BERT Sentence Representations](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2106.07345/) (2021)
- [Learning Distributed Representations of Sentences from Unlabelled Data](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1602.03483/) (2016)
- [ESimCSE: Enhanced Sample Building Method for Contrastive Learning of Unsupervised Sentence Embedding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2109.04380/) (2021)
- [Debiased Contrastive Learning of Unsupervised Sentence Representations](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2205.00656/) (2022)
- [SNCSE: Contrastive Learning for Unsupervised Sentence Embedding with Soft Negative Samples](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2201.05979/) (2022)
- [PCL: Peer-Contrastive Learning with Diverse Augmentations for Unsupervised Sentence Embeddings](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2201.12093/) (2022)
- [Exploring the Impact of Negative Samples of Contrastive Learning: A Case Study of Sentence Embedding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2202.13093/) (2022)
- [Whitening-based Contrastive Learning of Sentence Embeddings](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2305.17746/) (2023)
- [miCSE: Mutual Information Contrastive Learning for Low-shot Sentence Embeddings](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2211.04928/) (2022)
- [SimCT: A Simple Consistency Test Protocol in LLMs Development Lifecycle](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2407.17150/) (2024)

## Abstract (arXiv)

We propose reCSE, a self supervised contrastive learning sentence representation framework based on feature reshaping. This framework is different from the current advanced models that use discrete data augmentation methods, but instead reshapes the input features of the original sentence, aggregates the global information of each token in the sentence, and alleviates the common problems of representation polarity and GPU memory consumption linear increase in current advanced models. In addition, our reCSE has achieved competitive performance in semantic similarity tasks. And the experiment proves that our proposed feature reshaping method has strong universality, which can be transplanted to other self supervised contrastive learning frameworks and enhance their representation ability, even achieving state-of-the-art performance. Our code is available at https://github.com/heavenhellchen/reCSE.