# Large Language Model (LLM)-enabled In-context Learning for Wireless Network Optimization: A Case Study of Power Control

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2408.00214 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2408.00214/

## Key facts

- Cited by 19 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 1 Aug 2024.

## Built on by (most cited first, 19 of 19)

- [A Survey on Large Language Models for Communication, Network, and Service Management: Application Insights, Challenges, and Future Directions](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2412.19823/) (2024)
- [LLM-Enabled In-Context Learning for Data Collection Scheduling in UAV-assisted Sensor Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2504.14556/) (2025)
- [A Systematic Survey on Large Language Models for Evolutionary Optimization: From Modeling to Solving](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2509.08269/) (2025)
- [LLM-hRIC: LLM-empowered Hierarchical RAN Intelligent Control for O-RAN](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2504.18062/) (2025)
- [LAMeTA: Intent-Aware Agentic Network Optimization via a Large AI Model-Empowered Two-Stage Approach](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.12247/) (2025)
- [Hierarchical and Collaborative LLM-Based Control for Multi-UAV Motion and Communication in Integrated Terrestrial and Non-Terrestrial Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2506.06532/) (2025)
- [FRSICL: LLM-Enabled In-Context Learning Flight Resource Allocation for Fresh Data Collection in UAV-Assisted Wildfire Monitoring](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.10134/) (2025)
- [Large Language Model as a Catalyst: A Paradigm Shift in Base Station Siting Optimization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2408.03631/) (2024)
- [Enhancing Large Language Models (LLMs) for Telecom using Dynamic Knowledge Graphs and Explainable Retrieval-Augmented Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2602.17529/) (2026)
- [Integrated LLM-Based Intrusion Detection with Secure Slicing xApp for Securing O-RAN-Enabled Wireless Network Deployments](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2504.00341/) (2025)
- [DRL Optimization Trajectory Generation via Wireless Network Intent-Guided Diffusion Models for Optimizing Resource Allocation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.14481/) (2024)
- [Understanding 6G through Language Models: A Case Study on LLM-aided Structured Entity Extraction in Telecom Domain](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.14906/) (2025)
- [Intelligent Channel Allocation for IEEE 802.11be Multi-Link Operation: When MAB Meets LLM](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2506.04594/) (2025)
- [AIC-VDS: Attention-Based In-Context Learning for Joint Velocity Control and Data Collection Scheduling in Multi-UAV-Assisted Pipeline Monitoring](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.05698/) (2025)
- [BeamAgent: LLM-Aided MIMO Beamforming with Decoupled Intent Parsing and Alternating Optimization for Joint Site Selection and Precoding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2603.18855/) (2026)
- [To Theoretically Understand Transformer-Based In-Context Learning for Optimizing CSMA](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2508.09146/) (2025)
- [Joint Optimization of Trajectory Control, Resource Allocation, and Task Offloading for Multi-UAV-Assisted IoV](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2605.04436/) (2026)
- [Agentic AI for Bilevel Long-Term Optimization of Policy-Driven Physical Layer Systems](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2606.24416/) (2026)
- [WARA: Toward Automated Wireless Optimization Research with Closed-Loop LLM Agents](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2608.14573/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Large language model (LLM) has recently been considered a promising technique for many fields. This work explores LLM-based wireless network optimization via in-context learning. To showcase the potential of LLM technologies, we consider the base station (BS) power control as a case study, a fundamental but crucial technique that is widely investigated in wireless networks. Different from existing machine learning (ML) methods, our proposed in-context learning algorithm relies on LLM's inference capabilities. It avoids the complexity of tedious model training and hyper-parameter fine-tuning, which is a well-known bottleneck of many ML algorithms. Specifically, the proposed algorithm first describes the target task via formatted natural language, and then designs the in-context learning framework and demonstration examples. After that, it considers two cases, namely discrete-state and continuous-state problems, and proposes state-based and ranking-based methods to select appropriate examples for these two cases, respectively. Finally, the simulations demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can achieve comparable performance as conventional deep reinforcement learning (DRL) techniques without dedicated model training or fine-tuning. Such an efficient and low-complexity approach has great potential for future wireless network optimization.