# Near-Isotropic Sub-AAngstrom 3D Resolution Phase Contrast Imaging Achieved by End-to-End Ptychographic Electron Tomography

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2407.19407 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2407.19407/

## Key facts

- No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 1 of its 57 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 28 Jul 2024.

## Builds on (most cited first, 1 of 1)

- [PyTorch: An Imperative Style, High-Performance Deep Learning Library](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1912.01703/) (2019)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Three-dimensional atomic resolution imaging using transmission electron microscopes is a unique capability that requires challenging experiments. Linear electron tomography methods are limited by the missing wedge effect, requiring a high tilt range. Multislice ptychography can achieve deep sub-AAngstrom resolution in the transverse direction, but the depth resolution is limited to 2 to 3 nanometers. In this paper, we propose and demonstrate an end-to-end approach to reconstructing the electrostatic potential volume of the sample directly from the 4D-STEM datasets. End-to-end multi-slice ptychographic tomography recovers several slices at each tomography tilt angle and compensates for the missing wedge effect. The algorithm is initially tested in simulation with a Pt@Al2O3 core-shell nanoparticle, where both heavy and light atoms are recovered in 3D from an unaligned 4D-STEM tilt series with a restricted tilt range of 90 degrees. We also demonstrate the algorithm experimentally, recovering a Te nanoparticle with sub-AAngstrom resolution.