# FlexiEdit: Frequency-Aware Latent Refinement for Enhanced Non-Rigid Editing

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2407.17850 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2407.17850/

## Key facts

- Cited by 31 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Placed in Image generation, text-to-image and editing, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models.
- Builds on 35 of its 36 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 25 Jul 2024.

## Placed in

- Diffusion models / [Image generation, text-to-image and editing](https://mlsanity.com/diffusion/image-generation-text-to-image-and-editing/)

## Builds on (most cited first, 30 of 35)

- [Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervision](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.00020/) (2021)
- [Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2006.11239/) (2020)
- [High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2112.10752/) (2021)
- [The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Deep Features as a Perceptual Metric](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1801.03924/) (2018)
- [Denoising Diffusion Implicit Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2010.02502/) (2020)
- [Diffusion Models Beat GANs on Image Synthesis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2105.05233/) (2021)
- [Hierarchical Text-Conditional Image Generation with CLIP Latents](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2204.06125/) (2022)
- [Photorealistic Text-to-Image Diffusion Models with Deep Language Understanding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2205.11487/) (2022)
- [Classifier-Free Diffusion Guidance](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2207.12598/) (2022)
- [Generative Adversarial Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2203.00667/) (2022)
- [GLIDE: Towards Photorealistic Image Generation and Editing with Text-Guided Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2112.10741/) (2021)
- [Large Scale GAN Training for High Fidelity Natural Image Synthesis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1809.11096/) (2018)
- [Prompt-to-Prompt Image Editing with Cross Attention Control](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2208.01626/) (2022)
- [Null-text Inversion for Editing Real Images using Guided Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2211.09794/) (2022)
- [Imagic: Text-Based Real Image Editing with Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.09276/) (2022)
- [Tune-A-Video: One-Shot Tuning of Image Diffusion Models for Text-to-Video Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2212.11565/) (2022)
- [Blended Diffusion for Text-driven Editing of Natural Images](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2111.14818/) (2021)
- [Plug-and-Play Diffusion Features for Text-Driven Image-to-Image Translation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2211.12572/) (2022)
- [MasaCtrl: Tuning-Free Mutual Self-Attention Control for Consistent Image Synthesis and Editing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2304.08465/) (2023)
- [DiffEdit: Diffusion-based semantic image editing with mask guidance](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.11427/) (2022)
- [DiffusionCLIP: Text-Guided Diffusion Models for Robust Image Manipulation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2110.02711/) (2021)
- [Generative Adversarial Networks: An Overview](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1710.07035/) (2017)
- [StackGAN: Text to Photo-realistic Image Synthesis with Stacked Generative Adversarial Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1612.03242/) (2016)
- [FateZero: Fusing Attentions for Zero-shot Text-based Video Editing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.09535/) (2023)
- [TokenFlow: Consistent Diffusion Features for Consistent Video Editing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2307.10373/) (2023)
- [ELITE: Encoding Visual Concepts into Textual Embeddings for Customized Text-to-Image Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2302.13848/) (2023)
- [Splicing ViT Features for Semantic Appearance Transfer](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2201.00424/) (2022)
- [Negative-prompt Inversion: Fast Image Inversion for Editing with Text-guided Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2305.16807/) (2023)
- [Direct Inversion: Boosting Diffusion-based Editing with 3 Lines of Code](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2310.01506/) (2023)
- [FreeInit: Bridging Initialization Gap in Video Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2312.07537/) (2023)

## Built on by (most cited first, 30 of 31)

- [Unveil Inversion and Invariance in Flow Transformer for Versatile Image Editing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2411.15843/) (2024)
- [StyleSSP: Sampling StartPoint Enhancement for Training-free Diffusion-based Method for Style Transfer](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2501.11319/) (2025)
- [TVG: A Training-free Transition Video Generation Method with Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2408.13413/) (2024)
- [CLIPDrag: Combining Text-based and Drag-based Instructions for Image Editing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.03097/) (2024)
- [TPC: Test-time Procrustes Calibration for Diffusion-based Human Image Animation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.24037/) (2024)
- [FDS: Frequency-Aware Denoising Score for Text-Guided Latent Diffusion Image Editing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.19191/) (2025)
- [ITA-MDT: Image-Timestep-Adaptive Masked Diffusion Transformer Framework for Image-Based Virtual Try-On](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.20418/) (2025)
- [MDSGen: Fast and Efficient Masked Diffusion Temporal-Aware Transformers for Open-Domain Sound Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.02130/) (2024)
- [AttenST: A Training-Free Attention-Driven Style Transfer Framework with Pre-Trained Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.07307/) (2025)
- [FlowDrag: 3D-aware Drag-based Image Editing with Mesh-guided Deformation Vector Flow Fields](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.08285/) (2025)
- [FIA-Edit: Frequency-Interactive Attention for Efficient and High-Fidelity Inversion-Free Text-Guided Image Editing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2511.12151/) (2025)
- [Learning Plug-and-play Memory for Guiding Video Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2511.19229/) (2025)
- [Cora: Correspondence-aware image editing using few step diffusion](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.23907/) (2025)
- [PRPO: Paragraph-level Policy Optimization for Vision-Language Deepfake Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2509.26272/) (2025)
- [Delta Rectified Flow Sampling for Text-to-Image Editing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2509.05342/) (2025)
- [Occlusion-robust Stylization for Drawing-based 3D Animation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2508.00398/) (2025)
- [Why Do DiT Editors Drift? Plug-and-Play Low Frequency Alignment in VAE Latent Space](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2605.08250/) (2026)
- [Diffusion-Driven Progressive Target Manipulation for Source-Free Domain Adaptation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.25279/) (2025)
- [A Hidden Semantic Bottleneck in Conditional Embeddings of Diffusion Transformers](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2602.21596/) (2026)
- [Fast and Highly Expressive Policy Learning for Offline Reinforcement Learning via Bootstrapped Flow Q-Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2606.10613/) (2026)
- [TanGO: Training-Free 3D Editing via Tangent-Space Guidance and Optimization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2607.14927/) (2026)
- [Towards Source-Aware Object Swapping with Initial Noise Perturbation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2602.23697/) (2026)
- [CoStoDet-DDPM: Collaborative Training of Stochastic and Deterministic Models Improves Surgical Workflow Anticipation and Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.10216/) (2025)
- [Q-Align: Alleviating Attention Leakage in Zero-Shot Appearance Transfer via Query-Query Alignment](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2508.21090/) (2025)
- [Beyond Rigid: Benchmarking Non-Rigid Video Editing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2601.18340/) (2026)
- [MIRAGE: Benchmarking and Aligning Multi-Instance Image Editing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2604.05180/) (2026)
- [BindEdit: Taming Attention Leakage for Precise Multi-Object Image Editing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2606.18906/) (2026)
- [SPECSIA: Stylization Dataset for Novel-View Enhancement in Drawing-based 3D Animation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2607.00525/) (2026)
- [GADA: Geometry-Aware Deformable Aggregation for Image-Based Gaussian Splatting](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2607.00595/) (2026)
- [InSpace: Structure-Aware 3D Indoor Scene Generation from a Single 360deg Image](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2607.03990/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Current image editing methods primarily utilize DDIM Inversion, employing a two-branch diffusion approach to preserve the attributes and layout of the original image. However, these methods encounter challenges with non-rigid edits, which involve altering the image's layout or structure. Our comprehensive analysis reveals that the high-frequency components of DDIM latent, crucial for retaining the original image's key features and layout, significantly contribute to these limitations. Addressing this, we introduce FlexiEdit, which enhances fidelity to input text prompts by refining DDIM latent, by reducing high-frequency components in targeted editing areas. FlexiEdit comprises two key components: (1) Latent Refinement, which modifies DDIM latent to better accommodate layout adjustments, and (2) Edit Fidelity Enhancement via Re-inversion, aimed at ensuring the edits more accurately reflect the input text prompts. Our approach represents notable progress in image editing, particularly in performing complex non-rigid edits, showcasing its enhanced capability through comparative experiments.