# Diff-MTS: Temporal-Augmented Conditional Diffusion-based AIGC for Industrial Time Series Towards the Large Model Era

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2407.11501 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2407.11501/

## Key facts

- Cited by 5 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Placed in Flow matching, time series and science, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models.
- Builds on 16 of its 41 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 16 Jul 2024.

## Placed in

- Diffusion models / [Flow matching, time series and science](https://mlsanity.com/diffusion/flow-matching-time-series-and-science/)

## Builds on (most cited first, 16 of 16)

- [Attention Is All You Need](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1706.03762/) (2017)
- [Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2006.11239/) (2020)
- [Diffusion Models Beat GANs on Image Synthesis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2105.05233/) (2021)
- [Deep Unsupervised Learning using Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1503.03585/) (2015)
- [Improved Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2102.09672/) (2021)
- [DiffWave: A Versatile Diffusion Model for Audio Synthesis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2009.09761/) (2020)
- [Diffusion Models in Vision: A Survey](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2209.04747/) (2022)
- [TabDDPM: Modelling Tabular Data with Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2209.15421/) (2022)
- [Diffusion-based Time Series Imputation and Forecasting with Structured State Space Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2208.09399/) (2022)
- [CVAE-GAN: Fine-Grained Image Generation through Asymmetric Training](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1703.10155/) (2017)
- [TTS-GAN: A Transformer-based Time-Series Generative Adversarial Network](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2202.02691/) (2022)
- [DiffMIC: Dual-Guidance Diffusion Network for Medical Image Classification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.10610/) (2023)
- [Synthetic ECG Signal Generation using Probabilistic Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.02475/) (2023)
- [Slow-varying Dynamics Assisted Temporal Capsule Network for Machinery Remaining Useful Life Estimation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2203.16373/) (2022)
- [Controlled physics-informed data generation for deep learning-based remaining useful life prediction under unseen operation conditions](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2304.11702/) (2023)
- [Filter-informed Spectral Graph Wavelet Networks for Multiscale Feature Extraction and Intelligent Fault Diagnosis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.14958/) (2023)

## Built on by (most cited first, 5 of 5)

- [How to Unlock Time Series Editing? Diffusion-Driven Approach with Multi-Grained Control](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2506.05276/) (2025)
- [Instruction-based Time Series Editing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2508.01504/) (2025)
- [TS-MLLM: A Multi-Modal Large Language Model-based Framework for Industrial Time-Series Big Data Analysis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2603.07572/) (2026)
- [VLT: A Vision-Language-Time Series Multimodal Foundation Model for Industrial Intelligence](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2607.14510/) (2026)
- [Physics-informed Diffusion Generative Model for Time-Series Data Synthesis in Dynamic Systems](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2608.10941/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Industrial Multivariate Time Series (MTS) is a critical view of the industrial field for people to understand the state of machines. However, due to data collection difficulty and privacy concerns, available data for building industrial intelligence and industrial large models is far from sufficient. Therefore, industrial time series data generation is of great importance. Existing research usually applies Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) to generate MTS. However, GANs suffer from unstable training process due to the joint training of the generator and discriminator. This paper proposes a temporal-augmented conditional adaptive diffusion model, termed Diff-MTS, for MTS generation. It aims to better handle the complex temporal dependencies and dynamics of MTS data. Specifically, a conditional Adaptive Maximum-Mean Discrepancy (Ada-MMD) method has been proposed for the controlled generation of MTS, which does not require a classifier to control the generation. It improves the condition consistency of the diffusion model. Moreover, a Temporal Decomposition Reconstruction UNet (TDR-UNet) is established to capture complex temporal patterns and further improve the quality of the synthetic time series. Comprehensive experiments on the C-MAPSS and FEMTO datasets demonstrate that the proposed Diff-MTS performs substantially better in terms of diversity, fidelity, and utility compared with GAN-based methods. These results show that Diff-MTS facilitates the generation of industrial data, contributing to intelligent maintenance and the construction of industrial large models.