# DreamCatalyst: Fast and High-Quality 3D Editing via Controlling Editability and Identity Preservation

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2407.11394 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2407.11394/

## Key facts

- Cited by 14 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Placed in 3D, point cloud and scene generation, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models.
- Builds on 35 of its 43 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 16 Jul 2024.

## Placed in

- Diffusion models / [3D, point cloud and scene generation](https://mlsanity.com/diffusion/3d-point-cloud-and-scene-generation/)

## Builds on (most cited first, 30 of 35)

- [Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2006.11239/) (2020)
- [High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2112.10752/) (2021)
- [LoRA: Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2106.09685/) (2021)
- [Denoising Diffusion Implicit Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2010.02502/) (2020)
- [Score-Based Generative Modeling through Stochastic Differential Equations](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2011.13456/) (2020)
- [3D Gaussian Splatting for Real-Time Radiance Field Rendering](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2308.04079/) (2023)
- [Classifier-Free Diffusion Guidance](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2207.12598/) (2022)
- [Generative Modeling by Estimating Gradients of the Data Distribution](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1907.05600/) (2019)
- [DreamBooth: Fine Tuning Text-to-Image Diffusion Models for Subject-Driven Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2208.12242/) (2022)
- [DreamFusion: Text-to-3D using 2D Diffusion](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2209.14988/) (2022)
- [InstructPix2Pix: Learning to Follow Image Editing Instructions](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2211.09800/) (2022)
- [CLIPScore: A Reference-free Evaluation Metric for Image Captioning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2104.08718/) (2021)
- [SDEdit: Guided Image Synthesis and Editing with Stochastic Differential Equations](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2108.01073/) (2021)
- [ProlificDreamer: High-Fidelity and Diverse Text-to-3D Generation with Variational Score Distillation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2305.16213/) (2023)
- [StyleCLIP: Text-Driven Manipulation of StyleGAN Imagery](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.17249/) (2021)
- [Plug-and-Play Diffusion Features for Text-Driven Image-to-Image Translation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2211.12572/) (2022)
- [DreamGaussian: Generative Gaussian Splatting for Efficient 3D Content Creation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2309.16653/) (2023)
- [MasaCtrl: Tuning-Free Mutual Self-Attention Control for Consistent Image Synthesis and Editing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2304.08465/) (2023)
- [Nerfstudio: A Modular Framework for Neural Radiance Field Development](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2302.04264/) (2023)
- [Instruct-NeRF2NeRF: Editing 3D Scenes with Instructions](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.12789/) (2023)
- [GaussianEditor: Swift and Controllable 3D Editing with Gaussian Splatting](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2311.14521/) (2023)
- [Perception Prioritized Training of Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2204.00227/) (2022)
- [An Edit Friendly DDPM Noise Space: Inversion and Manipulations](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2304.06140/) (2023)
- [FreeU: Free Lunch in Diffusion U-Net](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2309.11497/) (2023)
- [Delta Denoising Score](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2304.07090/) (2023)
- [HiFA: High-fidelity Text-to-3D Generation with Advanced Diffusion Guidance](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2305.18766/) (2023)
- [Noise-Free Score Distillation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2310.17590/) (2023)
- [DGE: Direct Gaussian 3D Editing by Consistent Multi-view Editing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2404.18929/) (2024)
- [DreamTime: An Improved Optimization Strategy for Diffusion-Guided 3D Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2306.12422/) (2023)
- [Posterior Distillation Sampling](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2311.13831/) (2023)

## Built on by (most cited first, 14 of 14)

- [A Survey on 3D Gaussian Splatting Applications: Segmentation, Editing, and Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2508.09977/) (2025)
- [Representation Alignment for Just Image Transformers is not Easier than You Think](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2603.14366/) (2026)
- [Fast Multi-view Consistent 3D Editing with Video Priors](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2511.23172/) (2025)
- [Tinker: Diffusion's Gift to 3D--Multi-View Consistent Editing From Sparse Inputs without Per-Scene Optimization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2508.14811/) (2025)
- [Edit in 2D, Verify in 3D: Reinforcement Learning for Multi-view Consistent Scene Editing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2603.03143/) (2026)
- [Stable Score Distillation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.09168/) (2025)
- [TRACE: High-Fidelity 3D Scene Editing via Tangible Reconstruction and Geometry-Aligned Contextual Video Masking](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2604.01207/) (2026)
- [Sparse Code Uplifting for Efficient 3D Language Gaussian Splatting](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2605.13600/) (2026)
- [EditVerse3D: High-Quality 3D Object Editing with Region-Aware Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2607.07187/) (2026)
- [Training-Free Multi-Concept Image Editing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2602.20839/) (2026)
- [Catalyst4D: High-Fidelity 3D-to-4D Scene Editing via Dynamic Propagation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2603.12766/) (2026)
- [TASE: Truncation-Aware Semantic Embeddings for 3D Scene Understanding and Editing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2606.03314/) (2026)
- [A Survey on Adversarial Attacks and Defenses for Diffusion Models Across Multiple Modalities](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2609.05503/) (2026)
- [UMAS3D: Unified Mask-Free 3D Editing with Region-Adaptive Source Preservation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.15533/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Score distillation sampling (SDS) has emerged as an effective framework in text-driven 3D editing tasks, leveraging diffusion models for 3D-consistent editing. However, existing SDS-based 3D editing methods suffer from long training times and produce low-quality results. We identify that the root cause of this performance degradation is textittheir conflict with the sampling dynamics of diffusion models. Addressing this conflict allows us to treat SDS as a diffusion reverse process for 3D editing via sampling from data space. In contrast, existing methods naively distill the score function using diffusion models. From these insights, we propose DreamCatalyst, a novel framework that considers these sampling dynamics in the SDS framework. Specifically, we devise the optimization process of our DreamCatalyst to approximate the diffusion reverse process in editing tasks, thereby aligning with diffusion sampling dynamics. As a result, DreamCatalyst successfully reduces training time and improves editing quality. Our method offers two modes: (1) a fast mode that edits Neural Radiance Fields (NeRF) scenes approximately 23 times faster than current state-of-the-art NeRF editing methods, and (2) a high-quality mode that produces superior results about 8 times faster than these methods. Notably, our high-quality mode outperforms current state-of-the-art NeRF editing methods in terms of both speed and quality. DreamCatalyst also surpasses the state-of-the-art 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) editing methods, establishing itself as an effective and model-agnostic 3D editing solution. See more extensive results on our project page: https://dream-catalyst.github.io.