# AoA-Based Physical Layer Authentication in Analog Arrays under Impersonation Attacks

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2407.08282 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2407.08282/

## Key facts

- Cited by 1 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 8 of its 22 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 11 Jul 2024.

## Builds on (most cited first, 8 of 8)

- [ORACLE: Optimized Radio clAssification through Convolutional neuraL nEtworks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1812.01124/) (2018)
- [Wireless Physical-Layer Identification: Modeling and Validation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1510.08485/) (2015)
- [Learning-Aided Physical Layer Authentication as an Intelligent Process](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1808.02456/) (2018)
- [Channel State Information-Free Location-Privacy Enhancement: Fake Path Injection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2307.05442/) (2023)
- [Physical Layer Security -- from Theory to Practice](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.13261/) (2022)
- [How Physicality Enables Trust: A New Era of Trust-Centered Cyberphysical Systems](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2311.07492/) (2023)
- [Multi-factor Physical Layer Security Authentication in Short Blocklength Communication](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2010.14457/) (2020)
- [Optimized Parameter Design for Channel State Information-Free Location Spoofing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2402.00329/) (2024)

## Built on by (most cited first, 1 of 1)

- [Adaptive Learning Strategies for AoA-Based Outdoor Localization: A Comprehensive Framework](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2605.05055/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

We discuss the use of angle of arrival (AoA) as an authentication measure in analog array multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. A base station equipped with an analog array authenticates users based on the AoA estimated from certified pilot transmissions, while active attackers manipulate their transmitted signals to mount impersonation attacks. We study several attacks of increasing intensity (captured through the availability of side information at the attackers) and assess the performance of AoA-based authentication using one-class classifiers. Our results show that some attack techniques with knowledge of the combiners at the verifier are effective in falsifying the AoA and compromising the security of the considered type of physical layer authentication.