# OV-DINO: Unified Open-Vocabulary Detection with Language-Aware Selective Fusion

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2407.07844 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2407.07844/

## Key facts

- Cited by 28 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 56 of its 64 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 10 Jul 2024.

## Builds on (most cited first, 30 of 56)

- [Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1512.03385/) (2015)
- [BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1810.04805/) (2018)
- [Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervision](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.00020/) (2021)
- [An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scale](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2010.11929/) (2020)
- [Microsoft COCO: Common Objects in Context](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1405.0312/) (2014)
- [Exploring the Limits of Transfer Learning with a Unified Text-to-Text Transformer](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1910.10683/) (2019)
- [Swin Transformer: Hierarchical Vision Transformer using Shifted Windows](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.14030/) (2021)
- [Faster R-CNN: Towards Real-Time Object Detection with Region Proposal Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1506.01497/) (2015)
- [End-to-End Object Detection with Transformers](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2005.12872/) (2020)
- [Mask R-CNN](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1703.06870/) (2017)
- [BLIP-2: Bootstrapping Language-Image Pre-training with Frozen Image Encoders and Large Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2301.12597/) (2023)
- [Flamingo: a Visual Language Model for Few-Shot Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2204.14198/) (2022)
- [BLIP: Bootstrapping Language-Image Pre-training for Unified Vision-Language Understanding and Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2201.12086/) (2022)
- [LAION-5B: An open large-scale dataset for training next generation image-text models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.08402/) (2022)
- [Scaling Up Visual and Vision-Language Representation Learning With Noisy Text Supervision](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2102.05918/) (2021)
- [Grounding DINO: Marrying DINO with Grounded Pre-Training for Open-Set Object Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.05499/) (2023)
- [Fast R-CNN](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1504.08083/) (2015)
- [VQA: Visual Question Answering](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1505.00468/) (2015)
- [ViLBERT: Pretraining Task-Agnostic Visiolinguistic Representations for Vision-and-Language Tasks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1908.02265/) (2019)
- [Align before Fuse: Vision and Language Representation Learning with Momentum Distillation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2107.07651/) (2021)
- [Show, Attend and Tell: Neural Image Caption Generation with Visual Attention](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1502.03044/) (2015)
- [Generalized Intersection over Union: A Metric and A Loss for Bounding Box Regression](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1902.09630/) (2019)
- [Flickr30k Entities: Collecting Region-to-Phrase Correspondences for Richer Image-to-Sentence Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1505.04870/) (2015)
- [DINO: DETR with Improved DeNoising Anchor Boxes for End-to-End Object Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2203.03605/) (2022)
- [VisualBERT: A Simple and Performant Baseline for Vision and Language](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1908.03557/) (2019)
- [ViLT: Vision-and-Language Transformer Without Convolution or Region Supervision](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2102.03334/) (2021)
- [LVIS: A Dataset for Large Vocabulary Instance Segmentation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1908.03195/) (2019)
- [Oscar: Object-Semantics Aligned Pre-training for Vision-Language Tasks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2004.06165/) (2020)
- [Grounded Language-Image Pre-training](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2112.03857/) (2021)
- [Dual Attention Network for Scene Segmentation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1809.02983/) (2018)

## Built on by (most cited first, 28 of 28)

- [DINO-X: A Unified Vision Model for Open-World Object Detection and Understanding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2411.14347/) (2024)
- [LLMDet: Learning Strong Open-Vocabulary Object Detectors under the Supervision of Large Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2501.18954/) (2025)
- [Object Detection with Multimodal Large Vision-Language Models: An In-depth Review](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2508.19294/) (2025)
- [WeDetect: Fast Open-Vocabulary Object Detection as Retrieval](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2512.12309/) (2025)
- [FG-CLIP 2: A Bilingual Fine-grained Vision-Language Alignment Model](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.10921/) (2025)
- [Vision-Language Model for Object Detection and Segmentation: A Review and Evaluation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2504.09480/) (2025)
- [OpenRSD: Towards Open-prompts for Object Detection in Remote Sensing Images](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.06146/) (2025)
- [Dynamic-DINO: Fine-Grained Mixture of Experts Tuning for Real-time Open-Vocabulary Object Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.17436/) (2025)
- [New Dataset and Methods for Fine-Grained Compositional Referring Expression Comprehension via Specialist-MLLM Collaboration](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2502.20104/) (2025)
- [VL-SAM-V2: Open-World Object Detection with General and Specific Query Fusion](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.18986/) (2025)
- [MR-GDINO: Efficient Open-World Continual Object Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2412.15979/) (2024)
- [Advancing Visual Large Language Model for Multi-granular Versatile Perception](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.16213/) (2025)
- [OV-DEIM: Real-time DETR-Style Open-Vocabulary Object Detection with GridSynthetic Augmentation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2603.07022/) (2026)
- [Bridging Time and Space: Decoupled Spatio-Temporal Alignment for Video Grounding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2604.08014/) (2026)
- [MARS2 2025 Challenge on Multimodal Reasoning: Datasets, Methods, Results, Discussion, and Outlook](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2509.14142/) (2025)
- [MOBIUS: Big-to-Mobile Universal Instance Segmentation via Multi-modal Bottleneck Fusion and Calibrated Decoder Pruning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.15026/) (2025)
- [Unleashing the Capabilities of Large Vision-Language Models for Intelligent Perception of Roadside Infrastructure](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2601.10551/) (2026)
- [ZERO: Industry-ready Vision Foundation Model with Multi-modal Prompts](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.04270/) (2025)
- [ROVI: A VLM-LLM Re-Captioned Dataset for Open-Vocabulary Instance-Grounded Text-to-Image Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2508.01008/) (2025)
- [Enhancing End-to-End Autonomous Driving with Risk Semantic Distillaion from VLM](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2511.14499/) (2025)
- [IntRec: Intent-based Retrieval with Contrastive Refinement](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2602.17639/) (2026)
- [GUIDED: Granular Understanding via Identification, Detection, and Discrimination for Fine-Grained Open-Vocabulary Object Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2603.27014/) (2026)
- [Parameter-Efficient Semantic Augmentation for Enhancing Open-Vocabulary Object Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2604.04444/) (2026)
- [VL-SAM-v3: Memory-Guided Visual Priors for Open-World Object Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2605.03456/) (2026)
- [Open-Vocabulary Gaze Object Prediction: Benchmark and Method](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2607.18827/) (2026)
- [SportsGrounder: Proposal-Aided Interleaved Grounding for Dense Sports Video Reasoning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2608.07932/) (2026)
- [SC-Diff: Semantically Calibrated Diffusion for Visible-to-Infrared Image Translation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2608.08555/) (2026)
- [OPUS: A Simple yet Effective Unified Framework for Open-Vocabulary Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2608.30247/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Open-vocabulary detection is a challenging task due to the requirement of detecting objects based on class names, including those not encountered during training. Existing methods have shown strong zero-shot detection capabilities through pre-training and pseudo-labeling on diverse large-scale datasets. However, these approaches encounter two main challenges: (i) how to effectively eliminate data noise from pseudo-labeling, and (ii) how to efficiently leverage the language-aware capability for region-level cross-modality fusion and alignment. To address these challenges, we propose a novel unified open-vocabulary detection method called OV-DINO, which is pre-trained on diverse large-scale datasets with language-aware selective fusion in a unified framework. Specifically, we introduce a Unified Data Integration (UniDI) pipeline to enable end-to-end training and eliminate noise from pseudo-label generation by unifying different data sources into detection-centric data format. In addition, we propose a Language-Aware Selective Fusion (LASF) module to enhance the cross-modality alignment through a language-aware query selection and fusion process. We evaluate the performance of the proposed OV-DINO on popular open-vocabulary detection benchmarks, achieving state-of-the-art results with an AP of 50.6% on the COCO benchmark and 40.1% on the LVIS benchmark in a zero-shot manner, demonstrating its strong generalization ability. Furthermore, the fine-tuned OV-DINO on COCO achieves 58.4% AP, outperforming many existing methods with the same backbone. The code for OV-DINO is available at https://github.com/wanghao9610/OV-DINO.