# Let's Go Real Talk: Spoken Dialogue Model for Face-to-Face Conversation

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.07867 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2406.07867/

## Key facts

- Cited by 41 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 49 of its 81 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 12 Jun 2024.

## Builds on (most cited first, 30 of 49)

- [LoRA: Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2106.09685/) (2021)
- [wav2vec 2.0: A Framework for Self-Supervised Learning of Speech Representations](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2006.11477/) (2020)
- [OPT: Open Pre-trained Transformer Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2205.01068/) (2022)
- [HuBERT: Self-Supervised Speech Representation Learning by Masked Prediction of Hidden Units](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2106.07447/) (2021)
- [A Call for Clarity in Reporting BLEU Scores](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1804.08771/) (2018)
- [WavLM: Large-Scale Self-Supervised Pre-Training for Full Stack Speech Processing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2110.13900/) (2021)
- [HiFi-GAN: Generative Adversarial Networks for Efficient and High Fidelity Speech Synthesis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2010.05646/) (2020)
- [A Diversity-Promoting Objective Function for Neural Conversation Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1510.03055/) (2015)
- [DialoGPT: Large-Scale Generative Pre-training for Conversational Response Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1911.00536/) (2019)
- [Enhancing Chat Language Models by Scaling High-quality Instructional Conversations](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2305.14233/) (2023)
- [Personalizing Dialogue Agents: I have a dog, do you have pets too?](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1801.07243/) (2018)
- [MultiWOZ -- A Large-Scale Multi-Domain Wizard-of-Oz Dataset for Task-Oriented Dialogue Modelling](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1810.00278/) (2018)
- [OpenAssistant Conversations -- Democratizing Large Language Model Alignment](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2304.07327/) (2023)
- [CoQA: A Conversational Question Answering Challenge](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1808.07042/) (2018)
- [A Lip Sync Expert Is All You Need for Speech to Lip Generation In The Wild](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2008.10010/) (2020)
- [DailyDialog: A Manually Labelled Multi-turn Dialogue Dataset](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1710.03957/) (2017)
- [MELD: A Multimodal Multi-Party Dataset for Emotion Recognition in Conversations](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1810.02508/) (2018)
- [AudioLM: a Language Modeling Approach to Audio Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2209.03143/) (2022)
- [NExT-GPT: Any-to-Any Multimodal LLM](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2309.05519/) (2023)
- [XLS-R: Self-supervised Cross-lingual Speech Representation Learning at Scale](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2111.09296/) (2021)
- [SpeechGPT: Empowering Large Language Models with Intrinsic Cross-Modal Conversational Abilities](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2305.11000/) (2023)
- [How far are we from solving the 2D & 3D Face Alignment problem? (and a dataset of 230,000 3D facial landmarks)](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1703.07332/) (2017)
- [SadTalker: Learning Realistic 3D Motion Coefficients for Stylized Audio-Driven Single Image Talking Face Animation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2211.12194/) (2022)
- [Towards Real-World Blind Face Restoration with Generative Facial Prior](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2101.04061/) (2021)
- [W2v-BERT: Combining Contrastive Learning and Masked Language Modeling for Self-Supervised Speech Pre-Training](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2108.06209/) (2021)
- [AudioPaLM: A Large Language Model That Can Speak and Listen](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2306.12925/) (2023)
- [Generative Spoken Language Modeling from Raw Audio](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2102.01192/) (2021)
- [Deep Audio-Visual Speech Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1809.02108/) (2018)
- [Learning Audio-Visual Speech Representation by Masked Multimodal Cluster Prediction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2201.02184/) (2022)
- [Transfer Learning from Speaker Verification to Multispeaker Text-To-Speech Synthesis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1806.04558/) (2018)

## Built on by (most cited first, 30 of 41)

- [WavChat: A Survey of Spoken Dialogue Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2411.13577/) (2024)
- [Recent Advances in Speech Language Models: A Survey](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.03751/) (2024)
- [INFP: Audio-Driven Interactive Head Generation in Dyadic Conversations](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2412.04037/) (2024)
- [ARIG: Autoregressive Interactive Head Generation for Real-time Conversations](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.00472/) (2025)
- [JavisGPT: A Unified Multi-modal LLM for Sounding-Video Comprehension and Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2512.22905/) (2025)
- [Adaptive Audio-Visual Speech Recognition via Matryoshka-Based Multimodal LLMs](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.06362/) (2025)
- [Scaling and Enhancing LLM-based AVSR: A Sparse Mixture of Projectors Approach](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.14336/) (2025)
- [Zero-AVSR: Zero-Shot Audio-Visual Speech Recognition with LLMs by Learning Language-Agnostic Speech Representations](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.06273/) (2025)
- [MULTI-Bench: A Multi-Turn Interactive Benchmark for Assessing Emotional Intelligence ability of Spoken Dialogue Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2511.00850/) (2025)
- [DeepDialogue: A Multi-Turn Emotionally-Rich Spoken Dialogue Dataset](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.19978/) (2025)
- [Bind-Your-Avatar: Multi-Talking-Character Video Generation with Dynamic 3D-mask-based Embedding Router](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2506.19833/) (2025)
- [Beyond Text: Unveiling Privacy Vulnerabilities in Multi-modal Retrieval-Augmented Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.13957/) (2025)
- [OmniResponse: Online Multimodal Conversational Response Generation in Dyadic Interactions](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.21724/) (2025)
- [AV-Dialog: Spoken Dialogue Models with Audio-Visual Input](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2511.11124/) (2025)
- [DyStream: Streaming Dyadic Talking Heads Generation via Flow Matching-based Autoregressive Model](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2512.24408/) (2025)
- [Speaking Beyond Language: A Large-Scale Multimodal Dataset for Learning Nonverbal Cues from Video-Grounded Dialogues](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2506.00958/) (2025)
- [AV-EmoDialog: Chat with Audio-Visual Users Leveraging Emotional Cues](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2412.17292/) (2024)
- [Enabling Chatbots with Eyes and Ears: An Immersive Multimodal Conversation System for Dynamic Interactions](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2506.00421/) (2025)
- [J-CHAT: Japanese Large-scale Spoken Dialogue Corpus for Spoken Dialogue Language Modeling](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2407.15828/) (2024)
- [When Words Smile: Generating Diverse Emotional Facial Expressions from Text](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2412.02508/) (2024)
- [Discourse-Aware Dual-Track Streaming Response for Low-Latency Spoken Dialogue Systems](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2602.23266/) (2026)
- [Audio-Visual Intelligence in Large Foundation Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2605.04045/) (2026)
- [Integrating Facial Generation into Full-Duplex Spoken Dialogue Systems](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2606.21970/) (2026)
- [A2-LLM: An End-to-end Conversational Audio Avatar Large Language Model](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2602.04913/) (2026)
- [Human or Machine? A Preliminary Turing Test for Speech-to-Speech Interaction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2602.24080/) (2026)
- [ReactMotion: Generating Reactive Listener Motions from Speaker Utterance](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2603.15083/) (2026)
- [DuCCAE: A Hybrid Engine for Immersive Conversation via Collaboration, Augmentation, and Evolution](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2603.19248/) (2026)
- [InterDyad: Interactive Dyadic Speech-to-Video Generation by Querying Intermediate Visual Guidance](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2603.23132/) (2026)
- [When Misinformation Speaks and Converses: Rethinking Fact-Checking in Audio Platforms](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2604.16767/) (2026)
- [From Awareness to Adherence: Bridging the Context Gap in Spoken Dialogue Systems via Context-Aware Decoding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2606.16472/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

In this paper, we introduce a novel Face-to-Face spoken dialogue model. It processes audio-visual speech from user input and generates audio-visual speech as the response, marking the initial step towards creating an avatar chatbot system without relying on intermediate text. To this end, we newly introduce MultiDialog, the first large-scale multimodal (i.e., audio and visual) spoken dialogue corpus containing 340 hours of approximately 9,000 dialogues, recorded based on the open domain dialogue dataset, TopicalChat. The MultiDialog contains parallel audio-visual recordings of conversation partners acting according to the given script with emotion annotations, which we expect to open up research opportunities in multimodal synthesis. Our Face-to-Face spoken dialogue model incorporates a textually pretrained large language model and adapts it into the audio-visual spoken dialogue domain by incorporating speech-text joint pretraining. Through extensive experiments, we validate the effectiveness of our model in facilitating a face-to-face conversation. Demo and data are available at https://multidialog.github.io and https://huggingface.co/datasets/IVLLab/MultiDialog, respectively.