# "Violation of my body:" Perceptions of AI-generated non-consensual (intimate) imagery

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.05520 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2406.05520/

## Key facts

- Cited by 5 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 8 Jun 2024.

## Built on by (most cited first, 5 of 5)

- [Analyzing the AI Nudification Application Ecosystem](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2411.09751/) (2024)
- [XAttnMark: Learning Robust Audio Watermarking with Cross-Attention](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2502.04230/) (2025)
- ["Unlimited Realm of Exploration and Experimentation": Methods and Motivations of AI-Generated Sexual Content Creators](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2601.21028/) (2026)
- [What if AI systems weren't chatbots?](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2605.07896/) (2026)
- [Characterizing Resource Sharing Practices on Underground Internet Forum Synthetic Non-Consensual Intimate Image Content Creation Communities](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2604.12190/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

AI technology has enabled the creation of deepfakes: hyper-realistic synthetic media. We surveyed 315 individuals in the U.S. on their views regarding the hypothetical non-consensual creation of deepfakes depicting them, including deepfakes portraying sexual acts. Respondents indicated strong opposition to creating and, even more so, sharing non-consensually created synthetic content, especially if that content depicts a sexual act. However, seeking out such content appeared more acceptable to some respondents. Attitudes around acceptability varied further based on the hypothetical creator's relationship to the participant, the respondent's gender and their attitudes towards sexual consent. This study provides initial insight into public perspectives of a growing threat and highlights the need for further research to inform social norms as well as ongoing policy conversations and technical developments in generative AI.