# Measuring eye-tracking accuracy and its impact on usability in apple vision pro

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.00255 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2406.00255/

## Key facts

- Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 1 Jun 2024.

## Built on by (most cited first, 2 of 2)

- [iTrace: Click-Based Gaze Visualization on the Apple Vision Pro](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2508.12268/) (2025)
- [HiFiGaze: Improving Eye Tracking Accuracy Using Screen Content Knowledge](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2603.19588/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

With built-in eye-tracking cameras, the recently released Apple Vision Pro (AVP) mixed reality (MR) headset features gaze-based interaction, eye image rendering on external screens, and iris recognition for device unlocking. One of the technological advancements of the AVP is its heavy reliance on gaze- and gesture-based interaction. However, limited information is available regarding the technological specifications of the eye-tracking capability of the AVP, and raw gaze data is inaccessible to developers. This study evaluates the eye-tracking accuracy of the AVP with two sets of tests spanning both MR and virtual reality (VR) applications. This study also examines how eye-tracking accuracy relates to user-reported usability. The results revealed an overall eye-tracking accuracy of 1.11deg and 0.93deg in two testing setups, within a field of view (FOV) of approximately 34deg x 18deg. The usability and learnability scores of the AVP, measured using the standard System Usability Scale (SUS), were 75.24 and 68.26, respectively. Importantly, no statistically reliable correlation was found between eye-tracking accuracy and usability scores. These results suggest that eye-tracking accuracy is critical for gaze-based interaction, but it is not the sole determinant of user experience in VR/AR.