# From Role-Play to Drama-Interaction: An LLM Solution

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2405.14231 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2405.14231/

## Key facts

- Cited by 42 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 11 of its 43 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 23 May 2024.

## Builds on (most cited first, 11 of 11)

- [Baichuan 2: Open Large-scale Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2309.10305/) (2023)
- [Character-LLM: A Trainable Agent for Role-Playing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2310.10158/) (2023)
- [Co-Writing Screenplays and Theatre Scripts with Language Models: An Evaluation by Industry Professionals](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2209.14958/) (2022)
- [CharacterEval: A Chinese Benchmark for Role-Playing Conversational Agent Evaluation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2401.01275/) (2024)
- [Large Language Models are Superpositions of All Characters: Attaining Arbitrary Role-play via Self-Alignment](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2401.12474/) (2024)
- [Help me write a poem: Instruction Tuning as a Vehicle for Collaborative Poetry Writing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.13669/) (2022)
- [Meet Your Favorite Character: Open-domain Chatbot Mimicking Fictional Characters with only a Few Utterances](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2204.10825/) (2022)
- [Introducing Aspects of Creativity in Automatic Poetry Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2002.02511/) (2020)
- [Empower Nested Boolean Logic via Self-Supervised Curriculum Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2310.05450/) (2023)
- [Exploring AI Futures Through Role Play](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1912.08964/) (2019)
- [A Survey on Artificial Intelligence for Music Generation: Agents, Domains and Perspectives](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.13944/) (2022)

## Built on by (most cited first, 30 of 42)

- [PersonaGym: Evaluating Persona Agents and LLMs](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2407.18416/) (2024)
- [From Individual to Society: A Survey on Social Simulation Driven by Large Language Model-based Agents](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2412.03563/) (2024)
- [The Oscars of AI Theater: A Survey on Role-Playing with Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2407.11484/) (2024)
- [A Survey on Personalized Alignment -- The Missing Piece for Large Language Models in Real-World Applications](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.17003/) (2025)
- [SweetieChat: A Strategy-Enhanced Role-playing Framework for Diverse Scenarios Handling Emotional Support Agent](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2412.08389/) (2024)
- [Towards a Design Guideline for RPA Evaluation: A Survey of Large Language Model-Based Role-Playing Agents](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2502.13012/) (2025)
- [RoleBreak: Character Hallucination as a Jailbreak Attack in Role-Playing Systems](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2409.16727/) (2024)
- [A Survey on LLM-based Conversational User Simulation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2604.24977/) (2026)
- [Multi-expert Prompting Improves Reliability, Safety, and Usefulness of Large Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2411.00492/) (2024)
- [Thinking in Character: Advancing Role-Playing Agents with Role-Aware Reasoning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2506.01748/) (2025)
- [BookWorld: From Novels to Interactive Agent Societies for Creative Story Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2504.14538/) (2025)
- [Voila: Voice-Language Foundation Models for Real-Time Autonomous Interaction and Voice Role-Play](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.02707/) (2025)
- [Revealing and Mitigating the Challenge of Detecting Character Knowledge Errors in LLM Role-Playing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2409.11726/) (2024)
- [PsyPlay: Personality-Infused Role-Playing Conversational Agents](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2502.03821/) (2025)
- [Towards Enhanced Immersion and Agency for LLM-based Interactive Drama](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2502.17878/) (2025)
- [Multi-Actor Generative Artificial Intelligence as a Game Engine](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.08892/) (2025)
- [The Rise of Darkness: Safety-Utility Trade-Offs in Role-Playing Dialogue Agents](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2502.20757/) (2025)
- [Evaluating, Synthesizing, and Enhancing for Customer Support Conversation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2508.04423/) (2025)
- [HyCoRA: Hyper-Contrastive Role-Adaptive Learning for Role-Playing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2511.08017/) (2025)
- [PersLLM: A Personified Training Approach for Large Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2407.12393/) (2024)
- [X-TURING: Towards an Enhanced and Efficient Turing Test for Long-Term Dialogue Agents](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2408.09853/) (2024)
- [AI Agent Behavioral Science](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2506.06366/) (2025)
- [The Drama Machine: Simulating Character Development with LLM Agents](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2408.01725/) (2024)
- [SHARP: Unlocking Interactive Hallucination via Stance Transfer in Role-Playing LLMs](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2411.07965/) (2024)
- [DPRF: A Generalizable Dynamic Persona Refinement Framework for Optimizing Behavior Alignment Between Personalized LLM Role-Playing Agents and Humans](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.14205/) (2025)
- [Game Development as Human-LLM Interaction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2408.09386/) (2024)
- [When Harry Meets Superman: The Role of The Interlocutor in Persona-Based Dialogue Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.24613/) (2025)
- [Instruction-Driven Game Engine: A Poker Case Study](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.13441/) (2024)
- [Plug-and-Play Dramaturge: A Divide-and-Conquer Approach for Iterative Narrative Script Refinement via Collaborative LLM Agents](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.05188/) (2025)
- [RxSafeBench: Identifying Medication Safety Issues of Large Language Models in Simulated Consultation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2511.04328/) (2025)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Drama is a form of storytelling inspired by human creativity, proceeding with a predefined storyline, carrying emotions and thoughts. This paper introduces LLM-based interactive drama, which endows traditional drama with an unprecedented immersion, where a person is allowed to walk into it and interact with the characters and scenes. We define this new artistic genre by 6 essential elements-plot, character, thought, diction, spectacle and interaction-and study the entire pipeline to forge a backbone drama LLM to drive the playing process, which is challenged by limited drama resources, uncontrollable narrative development, and complicated instruction following. We propose Narrative Chain to offer finer control over the narrative progression during interaction with players; Auto-Drama to synthesize drama scripts given arbitrary stories; Sparse Instruction Tuning to allow the model to follow sophisticated instructions. We manually craft 3 scripts, Detective Conan, Harry Potter, Romeo and Juliet, and design a 5-dimension principle to evaluate the drama LLM comprehensively.