# Turkronicles: Diachronic Resources for the Fast Evolving Turkish Language

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2405.10133 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2405.10133/

## Key facts

- Cited by 4 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 9 of its 43 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 16 May 2024.

## Builds on (most cited first, 9 of 9)

- [Efficient Estimation of Word Representations in Vector Space](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1301.3781/) (2013)
- [Diachronic Word Embeddings Reveal Statistical Laws of Semantic Change](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1605.09096/) (2016)
- [Time Waits for No One! Analysis and Challenges of Temporal Misalignment](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2111.07408/) (2021)
- [Entity Cloze By Date: What LMs Know About Unseen Entities](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2205.02832/) (2022)
- [Training Temporal Word Embeddings with a Compass](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1906.02376/) (2019)
- [A Survey on Contextualised Semantic Shift Detection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2304.01666/) (2023)
- [NEO-BENCH: Evaluating Robustness of Large Language Models with Neologisms](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2402.12261/) (2024)
- [Characterizing the Google Books corpus: Strong limits to inferences of socio-cultural and linguistic evolution](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1501.00960/) (2015)
- [DRIFT: A Toolkit for Diachronic Analysis of Scientific Literature](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2107.01198/) (2021)

## Built on by (most cited first, 4 of 4)

- [Epistemic orientation in parliamentary discourse is associated with deliberative democracy](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2604.19699/) (2026)
- [NagaNLP: Bootstrapping NLP for Low-Resource Nagamese Creole with Human-in-the-Loop Synthetic Data](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2512.12537/) (2025)
- [HakemBench: A Turkish Benchmark of Typed Decisions](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.02293/) (2026)
- [Detecting Turkish Synonyms Used in Different Time Periods](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2411.15768/) (2024)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Over the past century, the Turkish language has undergone substantial changes, primarily driven by governmental interventions. In this work, our goal is to investigate the evolution of the Turkish language since the establishment of T"urkiye in 1923. Thus, we first introduce Turkronicles which is a diachronic corpus for Turkish derived from the Official Gazette of T"urkiye. Turkronicles contains 45,375 documents, detailing governmental actions, making it a pivotal resource for analyzing the linguistic evolution influenced by the state policies. In addition, we expand an existing diachronic Turkish corpus which consists of the records of the Grand National Assembly of T"urkiye by covering additional years. Next, combining these two diachronic corpora, we seek answers for two main research questions: How have the Turkish vocabulary and the writing conventions changed since the 1920s? Our analysis reveals that the vocabularies of two different time periods diverge more as the time between them increases, and newly coined Turkish words take the place of their old counterparts. We also observe changes in writing conventions. In particular, the use of circumflex noticeably decreases and words ending with the letters "-b" and "-d" are successively replaced with "-p" and "-t" letters, respectively. Overall, this study quantitatively highlights the dramatic changes in Turkish from various aspects of the language in a diachronic perspective.