# GPT for Games: A Scoping Review (2020-2023) arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.17794 ยท HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2404.17794/ ## Key facts - Cited by 10 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). - Builds on 32 of its 104 references that are in the map. - First posted on arXiv 27 Apr 2024. ## Builds on (most cited first, 30 of 32) - [Language Models are Few-Shot Learners](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2005.14165/) (2020) - [GPT-4 Technical Report](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.08774/) (2023) - [BERTScore: Evaluating Text Generation with BERT](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1904.09675/) (2019) - [WebGPT: Browser-assisted question-answering with human feedback](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2112.09332/) (2021) - [Mastering Atari, Go, Chess and Shogi by Planning with a Learned Model](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1911.08265/) (2019) - [BloombergGPT: A Large Language Model for Finance](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.17564/) (2023) - [A Systematic Survey of Prompt Engineering in Large Language Models: Techniques and Applications](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2402.07927/) (2024) - [StarCraft II: A New Challenge for Reinforcement Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1708.04782/) (2017) - [Human-level performance in first-person multiplayer games with population-based deep reinforcement learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1807.01281/) (2018) - [Pretrained Language Models for Text Generation: A Survey](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2201.05273/) (2022) - [A Survey of GPT-3 Family Large Language Models Including ChatGPT and GPT-4](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2310.12321/) (2023) - [Level Generation Through Large Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2302.05817/) (2023) - [A Brief Report on LawGPT 1.0: A Virtual Legal Assistant Based on GPT-3](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2302.05729/) (2023) - [GameGPT: Multi-agent Collaborative Framework for Game Development](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2310.08067/) (2023) - [Creativity Support in the Age of Large Language Models: An Empirical Study Involving Emerging Writers](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2309.12570/) (2023) - [Bringing Stories Alive: Generating Interactive Fiction Worlds](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2001.10161/) (2020) - [Computer-Generated Music for Tabletop Role-Playing Games](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2008.07009/) (2020) - [CALYPSO: LLMs as Dungeon Masters' Assistants](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2308.07540/) (2023) - [Collaborative Storytelling with Large-scale Neural Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2011.10208/) (2020) - [Practical PCG Through Large Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2305.18243/) (2023) - [Language as Reality: A Co-Creative Storytelling Game Experience in 1001 Nights using Generative AI](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2308.12915/) (2023) - [ChatGPT and Other Large Language Models as Evolutionary Engines for Online Interactive Collaborative Game Design](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.02155/) (2023) - [Evaluating ChatGPT's Decimal Skills and Feedback Generation in a Digital Learning Game](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2306.16639/) (2023) - [News Verifiers Showdown: A Comparative Performance Evaluation of ChatGPT 3.5, ChatGPT 4.0, Bing AI, and Bard in News Fact-Checking](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2306.17176/) (2023) - [The Five-Dollar Model: Generating Game Maps and Sprites from Sentence Embeddings](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2308.04052/) (2023) - [The Many AI Challenges of Hearthstone](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1907.06562/) (2019) - [The Go Transformer: Natural Language Modeling for Game Play](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2007.03500/) (2020) - [QualiGPT: GPT as an easy-to-use tool for qualitative coding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2310.07061/) (2023) - [Adversarial Language Games for Advanced Natural Language Intelligence](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1911.01622/) (2019) - [A Preliminary Study on a Conceptual Game Feature Generation and Recommendation System](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2308.13538/) (2023) ## Built on by (most cited first, 10 of 10) - [DreamGarden: A Designer Assistant for Growing Games from a Single Prompt](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.01791/) (2024) - [GPT for Games: An Updated Scoping Review (2020-2024)](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2411.00308/) (2024) - [Codenames as a Benchmark for Large Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2412.11373/) (2024) - [Can LLMs Generate Good Stories? Insights and Challenges from a Narrative Planning Perspective](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2506.10161/) (2025) - [Narrative Context Protocol: An Open-Source Storytelling Framework for Generative AI](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.04844/) (2025) - [Automated Unity Game Template Generation from GDDs via NLP and Multi-Modal LLMs](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2509.08847/) (2025) - [Symbolically Scaffolded Play: Designing Role-Sensitive Prompts for Generative NPC Dialogue](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.25820/) (2025) - [From World-Gen to Quest-Line: A Dependency-Driven Prompt Pipeline for Coherent RPG Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2604.25482/) (2026) - [Designing and Evaluating Malinowski's Lens: An AI-Native Educational Game for Ethnographic Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2511.07682/) (2025) - [AI Native Games: A Survey and Roadmap](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2607.00527/) (2026) ## Abstract (arXiv) This paper introduces a scoping review of 55 articles to explore GPT's potential for games, offering researchers a comprehensive understanding of the current applications and identifying both emerging trends and unexplored areas. We identify five key applications of GPT in current game research: procedural content generation, mixed-initiative game design, mixed-initiative gameplay, playing games, and game user research. Drawing from insights in each of these application areas, we propose directions for future research in each one. This review aims to lay the groundwork by illustrating the state of the art for innovative GPT applications in games, promising to enrich game development and enhance player experiences with cutting-edge AI innovations.