# PEAVS: Perceptual Evaluation of Audio-Visual Synchrony Grounded in Viewers' Opinion Scores

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.07336 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2404.07336/

## Key facts

- Cited by 13 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 23 of its 42 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 10 Apr 2024.

## Builds on (most cited first, 23 of 23)

- [Attention Is All You Need](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1706.03762/) (2017)
- [The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Deep Features as a Perceptual Metric](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1801.03924/) (2018)
- [Quo Vadis, Action Recognition? A New Model and the Kinetics Dataset](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1705.07750/) (2017)
- [Improved Techniques for Training GANs](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1606.03498/) (2016)
- [CLIPScore: A Reference-free Evaluation Metric for Image Captioning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2104.08718/) (2021)
- [Demystifying MMD GANs](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1801.01401/) (2018)
- [Towards Accurate Generative Models of Video: A New Metric & Challenges](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1812.01717/) (2018)
- [VoxCeleb: a large-scale speaker identification dataset](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1706.08612/) (2017)
- [CNN Architectures for Large-Scale Audio Classification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1609.09430/) (2016)
- [VGGSound: A Large-scale Audio-Visual Dataset](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2004.14368/) (2020)
- [Multimodal Transformer for Unaligned Multimodal Language Sequences](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1906.00295/) (2019)
- [Look, Listen and Learn](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1705.08168/) (2017)
- [SDR - half-baked or well done?](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1811.02508/) (2018)
- [Objects that Sound](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1712.06651/) (2017)
- [MM-Diffusion: Learning Multi-Modal Diffusion Models for Joint Audio and Video Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2212.09478/) (2022)
- [Diff-Foley: Synchronized Video-to-Audio Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2306.17203/) (2023)
- [TasNet: time-domain audio separation network for real-time, single-channel speech separation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1711.00541/) (2017)
- [ViSQOL v3: An Open Source Production Ready Objective Speech and Audio Metric](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2004.09584/) (2020)
- [Audio-Visual Synchronisation in the wild](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2112.04432/) (2021)
- [Sparse in Space and Time: Audio-visual Synchronisation with Trainable Selectors](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.07055/) (2022)
- [A Differentiable Perceptual Audio Metric Learned from Just Noticeable Differences](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2001.04460/) (2020)
- [AlignNet: A Unifying Approach to Audio-Visual Alignment](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2002.05070/) (2020)
- [DPLM: A Deep Perceptual Spatial-Audio Localization Metric](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2105.14180/) (2021)

## Built on by (most cited first, 13 of 13)

- [Seeing Sound, Hearing Sight: Uncovering Modality Bias and Conflict of AI models in Sound Localization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.11217/) (2025)
- [Video-Foley: Two-Stage Video-To-Sound Generation via Temporal Event Condition For Foley Sound](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2408.11915/) (2024)
- [PhyAVBench: A Challenging Audio Physics-Sensitivity Benchmark for Physically Grounded Text-to-Audio-Video Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2512.23994/) (2025)
- [Which Viewpoint Shows it Best? Language for Weakly Supervising View Selection in Multi-view Instructional Videos](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2411.08753/) (2024)
- [FolAI: Synchronized Foley Sound Generation with Semantic and Temporal Alignment](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2412.15023/) (2024)
- [InstructAV2AV: Instruction-Guided Audio-Video Joint Editing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2605.18467/) (2026)
- [Beyond Time Shifts: Adapting Omni-LLM as a Reference-Free Evaluator for Generative Audio-Visual Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2607.09091/) (2026)
- [AVE-Compass: Towards Holistic Evaluation for Audio-Video Editing Abilities](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2607.24821/) (2026)
- [Training-Free Multimodal Guidance for Video to Audio Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2509.24550/) (2025)
- [StereoSync: Spatially-Aware Stereo Audio Generation from Video](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.05828/) (2025)
- [FoleyGRAM: Video-to-Audio Generation with GRAM-Aligned Multimodal Encoders](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.05829/) (2025)
- [What Do Audio-Visual Synchronization Metrics Actually Measure?](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2608.25157/) (2026)
- [SyncReward: Human-Aligned Synchronization Reward for Audio-Visual Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.16338/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Recent advancements in audio-visual generative modeling have been propelled by progress in deep learning and the availability of data-rich benchmarks. However, the growth is not attributed solely to models and benchmarks. Universally accepted evaluation metrics also play an important role in advancing the field. While there are many metrics available to evaluate audio and visual content separately, there is a lack of metrics that offer a quantitative and interpretable measure of audio-visual synchronization for videos "in the wild". To address this gap, we first created a large scale human annotated dataset (100+ hrs) representing nine types of synchronization errors in audio-visual content and how human perceive them. We then developed a PEAVS (Perceptual Evaluation of Audio-Visual Synchrony) score, a novel automatic metric with a 5-point scale that evaluates the quality of audio-visual synchronization. We validate PEAVS using a newly generated dataset, achieving a Pearson correlation of 0.79 at the set level and 0.54 at the clip level when compared to human labels. In our experiments, we observe a relative gain 50% over a natural extension of Fr'echet based metrics for Audio-Visual synchrony, confirming PEAVS efficacy in objectively modeling subjective perceptions of audio-visual synchronization for videos "in the wild".