# Unveiling Decentralization: A Comprehensive Review of Technologies, Comparison, Challenges in Bitcoin, Ethereum, and Solana Blockchain

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.04841 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2404.04841/

## Key facts

- Cited by 6 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 7 Apr 2024.

## Built on by (most cited first, 6 of 6)

- [A Comprehensive Study on Quantization Techniques for Large Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2411.02530/) (2024)
- [Blockchain for Large Language Model Security and Safety: A Holistic Survey](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2407.20181/) (2024)
- [Building Social World Models with Large Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2606.11482/) (2026)
- [A Comprehensive Review on Noise Control of Diffusion Model](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2502.04669/) (2025)
- [ZK-HybridFL: Zero-Knowledge Proof-Enhanced Hybrid Ledger for Federated Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2601.22302/) (2026)
- [RAGas: Retrieval-Augmented Gas Optimization for Smart Contracts with Continuous Knowledge Integration](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2608.15857/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Bitcoin stands as a groundbreaking development in decentralized exchange throughout human history, enabling transactions without the need for intermediaries. By leveraging cryptographic proof mechanisms, Bitcoin eliminates the reliance on third-party financial institutions. Ethereum, ranking as the second-largest cryptocurrency by market capitalization, builds upon Bitcoin's groundwork by introducing smart contracts and decentralized applications. Ethereum strives to surpass the limitations of Bitcoin's scripting language, achieving full Turing-completeness for executing intricate computational tasks. Solana introduces a novel architecture for high-performance blockchain, employing timestamps to validate decentralized transactions and significantly boosting block creation throughput. Through a comprehensive examination of these blockchain technologies, their distinctions, and the associated challenges, this paper aims to offer valuable insights and comparative analysis for both researchers and practitioners.