# Distributed Satellite-Terrestrial Cooperative Routing Strategy Based on Minimum Hop-Count Analysis in Mega LEO Satellite Constellation

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.00988 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2404.00988/

## Key facts

- Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 1 Apr 2024.

## Built on by (most cited first, 2 of 2)

- [Quantum Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning for Cooperative Mobile Access in Space-Air-Ground Integrated Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2406.16994/) (2024)
- [LEO Satellite Internet of Things: Architecture, Technology, and On-Orbit Verification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2609.20165/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Mega low earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellation is promising in achieving global coverage with high capacity. However, forwarding packets in mega constellation faces long end-to-end delay caused by multi-hop routing and high-complexity routing table construction, which will detrimentally impair the network transmission efficiency. To overcome this issue, a distributed low-complexity satellite-terrestrial cooperative routing approach is proposed in this paper, and its core idea is that each node forwards packets to next-hop node under the constraints of minimum end-to-end hop-count and queuing delay. Particularly, to achieve an accurate and low-complexity minimum end-to-end hop-count estimation in satellite-terrestrial cooperative routing scenario, we first introduce a satellite real-time position based graph (RTPG) to simplify the description of three-dimensional constellation, and further abstract RTPG into a key node based graph (KNBG). Considering the frequent regeneration of KNBG due to satellite movement, a low complexity generation method of KNBG is studied as well. Finally, utilizing KNBG as input, we design the minimum end-to-end hop-count estimation method (KNBG-MHCE). Meanwhile, the computational complexity, routing path survival probability and practical implementation of our proposal are all deeply discussed. Extensive simulations are also conducted in systems with Ka and laser band inter-satellite links to verify the superiority of our proposal.