# Automated HER2 Scoring in Breast Cancer Images Using Deep Learning and Pyramid Sampling

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.00837 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2404.00837/

## Key facts

- Cited by 3 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 5 of its 34 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 1 Apr 2024.

## Builds on (most cited first, 5 of 5)

- [Densely Connected Convolutional Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1608.06993/) (2016)
- [Multiple Instance Learning: A Survey of Problem Characteristics and Applications](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1612.03365/) (2016)
- [Her2 Challenge Contest: A Detailed Assessment of Automated Her2 Scoring Algorithms in Whole Slide Images of Breast Cancer Tissues](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1705.08369/) (2017)
- [Learning Where to See: A Novel Attention Model for Automated Immunohistochemical Scoring](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1903.10762/) (2019)
- [Breast Cancer Molecular Subtypes Prediction on Pathological Images with Discriminative Patch Selecting and Multi-Instance Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2203.07659/) (2022)

## Built on by (most cited first, 3 of 3)

- [BlurryScope enables compact, cost-effective scanning microscopy for HER2 scoring using deep learning on blurry images](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.17557/) (2024)
- [Feature Learning with Multi-Stage Vision Transformers on Inter-Modality HER2 Status Scoring and Tumor Classification on Whole Slides](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2512.22335/) (2025)
- [Automated HER2 scoring with uncertainty quantification using lensfree holography and deep learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2601.18219/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is a critical protein in cancer cell growth that signifies the aggressiveness of breast cancer (BC) and helps predict its prognosis. Accurate assessment of immunohistochemically (IHC) stained tissue slides for HER2 expression levels is essential for both treatment guidance and understanding of cancer mechanisms. Nevertheless, the traditional workflow of manual examination by board-certified pathologists encounters challenges, including inter- and intra-observer inconsistency and extended turnaround times. Here, we introduce a deep learning-based approach utilizing pyramid sampling for the automated classification of HER2 status in IHC-stained BC tissue images. Our approach analyzes morphological features at various spatial scales, efficiently managing the computational load and facilitating a detailed examination of cellular and larger-scale tissue-level details. This method addresses the tissue heterogeneity of HER2 expression by providing a comprehensive view, leading to a blind testing classification accuracy of 84.70%, on a dataset of 523 core images from tissue microarrays. Our automated system, proving reliable as an adjunct pathology tool, has the potential to enhance diagnostic precision and evaluation speed, and might significantly impact cancer treatment planning.