# Dynamic Pedestrian Traffic Assignment with Link Transmission Model for Bidirectional Sidewalk Networks

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.00170 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2404.00170/

## Key facts

- Cited by 1 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 29 Mar 2024.

## Built on by (most cited first, 1 of 1)

- [PedNStream: Scalable Network Flow Simulation for Pedestrian Traffic Management](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2607.01021/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Planning assessment of the urban walking infrastructure requires appropriate methodologies that can capture the time-dependent and unique microscopic characteristics of bidirectional pedestrian flow. In this paper, we develop a simulation-based dynamic pedestrian traffic assignment (DPTA) model specifically formulated for walking networks (e.g. sidewalks) with bidirectional links. The model consists of a dynamic user equilibrium (DUE) based route choice and a link transmission model (LTM) for network loading. The formulated DUE adopts a pedestrian volume delay function (pVDF) taking into account the properties of bidirectional pedestrian streams such as self-organization. The adopted LTM uses a three-dimensional triangular bidirectional fundamental diagram as well as a generalized first-order node model. The applicability and validity of the model is demonstrated in hypothetical small networks as well as a real-world large-scale network of sidewalks in Sydney. The model successfully replicates formation and propagation of shockwaves in walking corridors and networks due to bidirectional effects.