# Self-learning Canonical Space for Multi-view 3D Human Pose Estimation

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.12440 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.12440/

## Key facts

- No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 39 of its 48 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 19 Mar 2024.

## Builds on (most cited first, 30 of 39)

- [Swin Transformer: Hierarchical Vision Transformer using Shifted Windows](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.14030/) (2021)
- [Deep High-Resolution Representation Learning for Human Pose Estimation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1902.09212/) (2019)
- [On the Continuity of Rotation Representations in Neural Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1812.07035/) (2018)
- [End-to-end Recovery of Human Shape and Pose](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1712.06584/) (2017)
- [Keep it SMPL: Automatic Estimation of 3D Human Pose and Shape from a Single Image](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1607.08128/) (2016)
- [Learning to Reconstruct 3D Human Pose and Shape via Model-fitting in the Loop](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1909.12828/) (2019)
- [VIBE: Video Inference for Human Body Pose and Shape Estimation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1912.05656/) (2019)
- [Monocular 3D Human Pose Estimation In The Wild Using Improved CNN Supervision](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1611.09813/) (2016)
- [A simple yet effective baseline for 3d human pose estimation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1705.03098/) (2017)
- [Convolutional Pose Machines](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1602.00134/) (2016)
- [3D Human Pose Estimation with Spatial and Temporal Transformers](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.10455/) (2021)
- [Coarse-to-Fine Volumetric Prediction for Single-Image 3D Human Pose](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1611.07828/) (2016)
- [Learnable Triangulation of Human Pose](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1905.05754/) (2019)
- [Probabilistic Modeling for Human Mesh Recovery](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2108.11944/) (2021)
- [Compositional Human Pose Regression](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1704.00159/) (2017)
- [3D Human Pose Estimation = 2D Pose Estimation + Matching](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1612.06524/) (2016)
- [DiffPose: Toward More Reliable 3D Pose Estimation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2211.16940/) (2022)
- [Self-Supervised Learning of 3D Human Pose using Multi-view Geometry](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1903.02330/) (2019)
- [Unsupervised 3D Pose Estimation with Geometric Self-Supervision](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1904.04812/) (2019)
- [PoseFormerV2: Exploring Frequency Domain for Efficient and Robust 3D Human Pose Estimation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.17472/) (2023)
- [Cross View Fusion for 3D Human Pose Estimation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1909.01203/) (2019)
- [Unsupervised Geometry-Aware Representation for 3D Human Pose Estimation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1804.01110/) (2018)
- [Learning Monocular 3D Human Pose Estimation from Multi-view Images](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1803.04775/) (2018)
- [Harvesting Multiple Views for Marker-less 3D Human Pose Annotations](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1704.04793/) (2017)
- [Can 3D Pose be Learned from 2D Projections Alone?](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1808.07182/) (2018)
- [Self-Supervised 3D Human Pose Estimation via Part Guided Novel Image Synthesis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2004.04400/) (2020)
- [Structured Prediction of 3D Human Pose with Deep Neural Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1605.05180/) (2016)
- [AdaFuse: Adaptive Multiview Fusion for Accurate Human Pose Estimation in the Wild](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2010.13302/) (2020)
- [TransFusion: Cross-view Fusion with Transformer for 3D Human Pose Estimation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2110.09554/) (2021)
- [Shape-Aware Human Pose and Shape Reconstruction Using Multi-View Images](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1908.09464/) (2019)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Multi-view 3D human pose estimation is naturally superior to single view one, benefiting from more comprehensive information provided by images of multiple views. The information includes camera poses, 2D/3D human poses, and 3D geometry. However, the accurate annotation of these information is hard to obtain, making it challenging to predict accurate 3D human pose from multi-view images. To deal with this issue, we propose a fully self-supervised framework, named cascaded multi-view aggregating network (CMANet), to construct a canonical parameter space to holistically integrate and exploit multi-view information. In our framework, the multi-view information is grouped into two categories: 1) intra-view information , 2) inter-view information. Accordingly, CMANet consists of two components: intra-view module (IRV) and inter-view module (IEV). IRV is used for extracting initial camera pose and 3D human pose of each view; IEV is to fuse complementary pose information and cross-view 3D geometry for a final 3D human pose. To facilitate the aggregation of the intra- and inter-view, we define a canonical parameter space, depicted by per-view camera pose and human pose and shape parameters (θ and β) of SMPL model, and propose a two-stage learning procedure. At first stage, IRV learns to estimate camera pose and view-dependent 3D human pose supervised by confident output of an off-the-shelf 2D keypoint detector. At second stage, IRV is frozen and IEV further refines the camera pose and optimizes the 3D human pose by implicitly encoding the cross-view complement and 3D geometry constraint, achieved by jointly fitting predicted multi-view 2D keypoints. The proposed framework, modules, and learning strategy are demonstrated to be effective by comprehensive experiments and CMANet is superior to state-of-the-art methods in extensive quantitative and qualitative analysis.