# Coarsening of chiral domains in itinerant electron magnets: A machine learning force field approach

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.11705 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.11705/

## Key facts

- Cited by 10 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 12 of its 92 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 18 Mar 2024.

## Builds on (most cited first, 12 of 12)

- [Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1412.6980/) (2014)
- [PyTorch: An Imperative Style, High-Performance Deep Learning Library](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1912.01703/) (2019)
- [Automatic differentiation in machine learning: a survey](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1502.05767/) (2015)
- [Deep Potential Molecular Dynamics: a scalable model with the accuracy of quantum mechanics](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1707.09571/) (2017)
- [DScribe: Library of Descriptors for Machine Learning in Materials Science](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1904.08875/) (2019)
- [Machine learning dynamics of phase separation in correlated electron magnets](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2006.04205/) (2020)
- [Anomalous phase separation dynamics in a correlated electron system: machine-learning enabled large-scale kinetic Monte Carlo simulations](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2105.13304/) (2021)
- [Machine learning electron correlation in a disordered medium](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1810.02323/) (2018)
- [Machine learning nonequilibrium electron forces for adiabatic spin dynamics](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2112.12124/) (2021)
- [Descriptors for Machine Learning Model of Generalized Force Field in Condensed Matter Systems](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2201.00798/) (2022)
- [Machine learning for phase ordering dynamics of charge density waves](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.03493/) (2023)
- [Machine learning predictions for local electronic properties of disordered correlated electron systems](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2204.05967/) (2022)

## Built on by (most cited first, 10 of 10)

- [Machine-learning force-field models for dynamical simulations of metallic magnets](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2602.18213/) (2026)
- [Equivariant Neural Networks for Force-Field Models of Lattice Systems](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2601.04104/) (2026)
- [Graph Neural Networks in the Wilson Loop Representation of Abelian Lattice Gauge Theories](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2605.03901/) (2026)
- [Machine learning nonequilibrium phase transitions in charge-density wave insulators](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2601.07583/) (2026)
- [Graph neural network force fields for adiabatic dynamics of lattice Hamiltonians](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2603.02039/) (2026)
- [Machine-learning modeling of magnetization dynamics in quasi-equilibrium and driven metallic spin systems](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2604.11513/) (2026)
- [Enhanced coarsening of charge density waves induced by electron correlation: Machine-learning enabled large-scale dynamical simulations](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2412.21072/) (2024)
- [Learning Degenerate Manifolds of Frustrated Magnets with Boltzmann Machines](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2511.19879/) (2025)
- [Magnetic HIP-NN for spin dynamics in disordered itinerant magnets](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2606.10349/) (2026)
- [Graph Neural Network Force Fields for Spin Dynamics in Metallic Magnets](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2607.28537/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Frustrated itinerant magnets often exhibit complex noncollinear or noncoplanar magnetic orders which support topological electronic structures. A canonical example is the anomalous quantum Hall state with a chiral spin order stabilized by electron-spin interactions on a triangular lattice. While a long-range magnetic order cannot survive thermal fluctuations in two dimensions, the chiral order which results from the breaking of a discrete Ising symmetry persists even at finite temperatures. We present a scalable machine learning (ML) framework to model the complex electron-mediated spin-spin interactions that stabilize the chiral magnetic domains in a triangular lattice. Large-scale dynamical simulations, enabled by the ML force-field models, are performed to investigate the coarsening of chiral domains after a thermal quench. While the chiral phase is described by a broken Z2 Ising-type symmetry, we find that the characteristic size of chiral domains increases linearly with time, in stark contrast to the expected Allen-Cahn domain growth law for a non-conserved Ising order parameter field. The linear growth of the chiral domains is attributed to the orientational anisotropy of domain boundaries. Our work also demonstrates the promising potential of ML models for large-scale spin dynamics of itinerant magnets.