# Fast Timing-Conditioned Latent Audio Diffusion

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2402.04825 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2402.04825/

## Key facts

- Cited by 181 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 49 of its 60 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 7 Feb 2024.

## Builds on (most cited first, 30 of 49)

- [Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervision](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.00020/) (2021)
- [Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2006.11239/) (2020)
- [High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2112.10752/) (2021)
- [Exploring the Limits of Transfer Learning with a Unified Text-to-Text Transformer](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1910.10683/) (2019)
- [Deep Unsupervised Learning using Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1503.03585/) (2015)
- [SDXL: Improving Latent Diffusion Models for High-Resolution Image Synthesis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2307.01952/) (2023)
- [FiLM: Visual Reasoning with a General Conditioning Layer](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1709.07871/) (2017)
- [WaveNet: A Generative Model for Raw Audio](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1609.03499/) (2016)
- [Align your Latents: High-Resolution Video Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2304.08818/) (2023)
- [HiFi-GAN: Generative Adversarial Networks for Efficient and High Fidelity Speech Synthesis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2010.05646/) (2020)
- [MaskGIT: Masked Generative Image Transformer](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2202.04200/) (2022)
- [DPM-Solver++: Fast Solver for Guided Sampling of Diffusion Probabilistic Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2211.01095/) (2022)
- [Large-scale Contrastive Language-Audio Pretraining with Feature Fusion and Keyword-to-Caption Augmentation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2211.06687/) (2022)
- [CNN Architectures for Large-Scale Audio Classification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1609.09430/) (2016)
- [High Fidelity Neural Audio Compression](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.13438/) (2022)
- [AudioLM: a Language Modeling Approach to Audio Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2209.03143/) (2022)
- [AudioLDM: Text-to-Audio Generation with Latent Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2301.12503/) (2023)
- [Jukebox: A Generative Model for Music](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2005.00341/) (2020)
- [Simple and Controllable Music Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2306.05284/) (2023)
- [High-Fidelity Audio Compression with Improved RVQGAN](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2306.06546/) (2023)
- [AudioLDM 2: Learning Holistic Audio Generation with Self-supervised Pretraining](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2308.05734/) (2023)
- [Make-An-Audio: Text-To-Audio Generation with Prompt-Enhanced Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2301.12661/) (2023)
- [Common Diffusion Noise Schedules and Sample Steps are Flawed](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2305.08891/) (2023)
- [Efficient Training of Audio Transformers with Patchout](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2110.05069/) (2021)
- [Adversarial Audio Synthesis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1802.04208/) (2018)
- [Fr'echet Audio Distance: A Metric for Evaluating Music Enhancement Algorithms](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1812.08466/) (2018)
- [Parallel WaveNet: Fast High-Fidelity Speech Synthesis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1711.10433/) (2017)
- [Noise2Music: Text-conditioned Music Generation with Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2302.03917/) (2023)
- [Text-to-Audio Generation using Instruction-Tuned LLM and Latent Diffusion Model](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2304.13731/) (2023)
- [UniAudio: An Audio Foundation Model Toward Universal Audio Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2310.00704/) (2023)

## Built on by (most cited first, 30 of 181)

- [Simplifying, Stabilizing and Scaling Continuous-Time Consistency Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.11081/) (2024)
- [Stable Audio Open](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2407.14358/) (2024)
- [dKV-Cache: The Cache for Diffusion Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.15781/) (2025)
- [PixelFlow: Pixel-Space Generative Models with Flow](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2504.07963/) (2025)
- [Long-form music generation with latent diffusion](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2404.10301/) (2024)
- [TangoFlux: Super Fast and Faithful Text to Audio Generation with Flow Matching and Clap-Ranked Preference Optimization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2412.21037/) (2024)
- [SoftVQ-VAE: Efficient 1-Dimensional Continuous Tokenizer](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2412.10958/) (2024)
- [Video-Guided Foley Sound Generation with Multimodal Controls](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2411.17698/) (2024)
- [Scaling Transformers for Low-Bitrate High-Quality Speech Coding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2411.19842/) (2024)
- [Distillation of Discrete Diffusion through Dimensional Correlations](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.08709/) (2024)
- [DiffRhythm: Blazingly Fast and Embarrassingly Simple End-to-End Full-Length Song Generation with Latent Diffusion](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.01183/) (2025)
- [Linear Convergence of Diffusion Models Under the Manifold Hypothesis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.09046/) (2024)
- [CleanDIFT: Diffusion Features without Noise](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2412.03439/) (2024)
- [Kling-Foley: Multimodal Diffusion Transformer for High-Quality Video-to-Audio Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2506.19774/) (2025)
- [Foundation Models for Music: A Survey](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2408.14340/) (2024)
- [ThinkSound: Chain-of-Thought Reasoning in Multimodal Large Language Models for Audio Generation and Editing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2506.21448/) (2025)
- [Diff-A-Riff: Musical Accompaniment Co-creation via Latent Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2406.08384/) (2024)
- [EzAudio: Enhancing Text-to-Audio Generation with Efficient Diffusion Transformer](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2409.10819/) (2024)
- [Taming Data and Transformers for Audio Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2406.19388/) (2024)
- [DITTO-2: Distilled Diffusion Inference-Time T-Optimization for Music Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2405.20289/) (2024)
- [LeVo: High-Quality Song Generation with Multi-Preference Alignment](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2506.07520/) (2025)
- [SimpleSpeech: Towards Simple and Efficient Text-to-Speech with Scalar Latent Transformer Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2406.02328/) (2024)
- [TEncDM: Understanding the Properties of the Diffusion Model in the Space of Language Model Encodings](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2402.19097/) (2024)
- [AV-Link: Temporally-Aligned Diffusion Features for Cross-Modal Audio-Video Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2412.15191/) (2024)
- [FreeAudio: Training-Free Timing Planning for Controllable Long-Form Text-to-Audio Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.08557/) (2025)
- [Images that Sound: Composing Images and Sounds on a Single Canvas](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2405.12221/) (2024)
- [SimpleSpeech 2: Towards Simple and Efficient Text-to-Speech with Flow-based Scalar Latent Transformer Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2408.13893/) (2024)
- [ETTA: Elucidating the Design Space of Text-to-Audio Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2412.19351/) (2024)
- [OmniAudio: Generating Spatial Audio from 360-Degree Video](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2504.14906/) (2025)
- [Presto! Distilling Steps and Layers for Accelerating Music Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.05167/) (2024)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Generating long-form 44.1kHz stereo audio from text prompts can be computationally demanding. Further, most previous works do not tackle that music and sound effects naturally vary in their duration. Our research focuses on the efficient generation of long-form, variable-length stereo music and sounds at 44.1kHz using text prompts with a generative model. Stable Audio is based on latent diffusion, with its latent defined by a fully-convolutional variational autoencoder. It is conditioned on text prompts as well as timing embeddings, allowing for fine control over both the content and length of the generated music and sounds. Stable Audio is capable of rendering stereo signals of up to 95 sec at 44.1kHz in 8 sec on an A100 GPU. Despite its compute efficiency and fast inference, it is one of the best in two public text-to-music and -audio benchmarks and, differently from state-of-the-art models, can generate music with structure and stereo sounds.