# MAPLES-DR: MESSIDOR Anatomical and Pathological Labels for Explainable Screening of Diabetic Retinopathy

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2402.04258 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2402.04258/

## Key facts

- Cited by 5 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 19 Jan 2024.

## Built on by (most cited first, 5 of 5)

- [Managing Diabetic Retinopathy with Deep Learning: A Data Centric Overview](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2604.02448/) (2026)
- [Cross-Dataset Generalization For Retinal Lesions Segmentation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2405.08329/) (2024)
- [Development of a Mobile Application for at-Home Analysis of Retinal Fundus Images](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2509.16814/) (2025)
- [Meta-learners for few-shot weakly-supervised optic disc and cup segmentation on fundus images](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2512.15061/) (2025)
- [HierarchiRetina: A Diabetic Retinopathy Screening and Grading Cascade with Heterogeneous Mixture-of-Experts Lesion Segmentation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2610.17933/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Reliable automatic diagnosis of Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) and Macular Edema (ME) is an invaluable asset in improving the rate of monitored patients among at-risk populations and in enabling earlier treatments before the pathology progresses and threatens vision. However, the explainability of screening models is still an open question, and specifically designed datasets are required to support the research. We present MAPLES-DR (MESSIDOR Anatomical and Pathological Labels for Explainable Screening of Diabetic Retinopathy), which contains, for 198 images of the MESSIDOR public fundus dataset, new diagnoses for DR and ME as well as new pixel-wise segmentation maps for 10 anatomical and pathological biomarkers related to DR. This paper documents the design choices and the annotation procedure that produced MAPLES-DR, discusses the interobserver variability and the overall quality of the annotations, and provides guidelines on using the dataset in a machine learning context.