# Safeguarding DeFi Smart Contracts against Oracle Deviations

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2401.06044 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2401.06044/

## Key facts

- Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 11 Jan 2024.

## Built on by (most cited first, 2 of 2)

- [AiRacleX: Automated Detection of Price Oracle Manipulations via LLM-Driven Knowledge Mining and Prompt Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2502.06348/) (2025)
- [SymGPT: Auditing Smart Contracts via Combining Symbolic Execution with Large Language Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2502.07644/) (2025)

## Abstract (arXiv)

This paper presents OVer, a framework designed to automatically analyze the behavior of decentralized finance (DeFi) protocols when subjected to a "skewed" oracle input. OVer firstly performs symbolic analysis on the given contract and constructs a model of constraints. Then, the framework leverages an SMT solver to identify parameters that allow its secure operation. Furthermore, guard statements may be generated for smart contracts that may use the oracle values, thus effectively preventing oracle manipulation attacks. Empirical results show that OVer can successfully analyze all 10 benchmarks collected, which encompass a diverse range of DeFi protocols. Additionally, this paper also illustrates that current parameters utilized in the majority of benchmarks are inadequate to ensure safety when confronted with significant oracle deviations.