# Joint Range-Velocity-Azimuth Estimation for OFDM-Based Integrated Sensing and Communication

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2312.13154 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2312.13154/

## Key facts

- Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 20 Dec 2023.

## Built on by (most cited first, 2 of 2)

- [PLAIN: Scalable Estimation Architecture for Integrated Sensing and Communication](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.21242/) (2025)
- [Task-Oriented Candidate-Latent Feedback for Coarse-to-Fine Sensing in Distributed OFDM-ISAC Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2608.03319/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)-based integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) is promising for future sixth-generation mobile communication systems. Existing works focus on the joint estimation of the targets' range and velocity for OFDM-based ISAC systems. In contrast, this paper studies the three-dimensional joint estimation (3DJE) of range, velocity, and azimuth for OFDM-based ISAC systems with multiple receive antennas. First, we establish the signal model and derive the Cramer-Rao bounds (CRBs) on the 3DJE. Furthermore, an auto-paired super-resolution 3DJE algorithm is proposed by exploiting the reconstructed observation sub-signal's translational invariance property in the time, frequency, and space domains. Finally, with the 5G New Radio parameter setup, simulation results show that the proposed algorithm achieves better estimation performance and its root mean square error is closer to the root of CRBs than existing methods.