# ARTboldsymbol·V: Auto-Regressive Text-to-Video Generation with Diffusion Models

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.18834 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2311.18834/

## Key facts

- Cited by 76 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Placed in Video generation, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models.
- Builds on 62 of its 74 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 30 Nov 2023.

## Placed in

- Diffusion models / [Video generation](https://mlsanity.com/diffusion/video-generation/)

## Builds on (most cited first, 30 of 62)

- [Attention Is All You Need](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1706.03762/) (2017)
- [Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervision](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2103.00020/) (2021)
- [Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2006.11239/) (2020)
- [High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2112.10752/) (2021)
- [Score-Based Generative Modeling through Stochastic Differential Equations](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2011.13456/) (2020)
- [Deep Unsupervised Learning using Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1503.03585/) (2015)
- [Hierarchical Text-Conditional Image Generation with CLIP Latents](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2204.06125/) (2022)
- [Classifier-Free Diffusion Guidance](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2207.12598/) (2022)
- [Adding Conditional Control to Text-to-Image Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2302.05543/) (2023)
- [SDXL: Improving Latent Diffusion Models for High-Resolution Image Synthesis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2307.01952/) (2023)
- [LAION-5B: An open large-scale dataset for training next generation image-text models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.08402/) (2022)
- [Generative Modeling by Estimating Gradients of the Data Distribution](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1907.05600/) (2019)
- [Improved Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2102.09672/) (2021)
- [Improved Techniques for Training GANs](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1606.03498/) (2016)
- [Video Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2204.03458/) (2022)
- [Imagen Video: High Definition Video Generation with Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.02303/) (2022)
- [Make-A-Video: Text-to-Video Generation without Text-Video Data](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2209.14792/) (2022)
- [LAION-400M: Open Dataset of CLIP-Filtered 400 Million Image-Text Pairs](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2111.02114/) (2021)
- [Align your Latents: High-Resolution Video Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2304.08818/) (2023)
- [T2I-Adapter: Learning Adapters to Dig out More Controllable Ability for Text-to-Image Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2302.08453/) (2023)
- [Towards Accurate Generative Models of Video: A New Metric & Challenges](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1812.01717/) (2018)
- [Frozen in Time: A Joint Video and Image Encoder for End-to-End Retrieval](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2104.00650/) (2021)
- [CogVideo: Large-scale Pretraining for Text-to-Video Generation via Transformers](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2205.15868/) (2022)
- [Tune-A-Video: One-Shot Tuning of Image Diffusion Models for Text-to-Video Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2212.11565/) (2022)
- [eDiff-I: Text-to-Image Diffusion Models with an Ensemble of Expert Denoisers](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2211.01324/) (2022)
- [VideoGPT: Video Generation using VQ-VAE and Transformers](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2104.10157/) (2021)
- [ModelScope Text-to-Video Technical Report](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2308.06571/) (2023)
- [Structure and Content-Guided Video Synthesis with Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2302.03011/) (2023)
- [VideoCrafter1: Open Diffusion Models for High-Quality Video Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2310.19512/) (2023)
- [Phenaki: Variable Length Video Generation From Open Domain Textual Description](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.02399/) (2022)

## Built on by (most cited first, 30 of 76)

- [Self Forcing: Bridging the Train-Test Gap in Autoregressive Video Diffusion](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2506.08009/) (2025)
- [From Slow Bidirectional to Fast Autoregressive Video Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2412.07772/) (2024)
- [StreamingT2V: Consistent, Dynamic, and Extendable Long Video Generation from Text](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.14773/) (2024)
- [Rolling Forcing: Autoregressive Long Video Diffusion in Real Time](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2509.25161/) (2025)
- [Unified Video Action Model](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.00200/) (2025)
- [Frame Context Packing and Drift Prevention in Next-Frame-Prediction Video Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2504.12626/) (2025)
- [Video World Models with Long-term Spatial Memory](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2506.05284/) (2025)
- [DreamDojo: A Generalist Robot World Model from Large-Scale Human Videos](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2602.06949/) (2026)
- [VideoDPO: Omni-Preference Alignment for Video Diffusion Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2412.14167/) (2024)
- [Mixture of Contexts for Long Video Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2508.21058/) (2025)
- [StableAnimator: High-Quality Identity-Preserving Human Image Animation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2411.17697/) (2024)
- [MotionStream: Real-Time Video Generation with Interactive Motion Controls](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2511.01266/) (2025)
- [Ca2-VDM: Efficient Autoregressive Video Diffusion Model with Causal Generation and Cache Sharing](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2411.16375/) (2024)
- [Stable Video Infinity: Infinite-Length Video Generation with Error Recycling](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.09212/) (2025)
- [Long-Context State-Space Video World Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.20171/) (2025)
- [Sora as a World Model? A Complete Survey on Text-to-Video Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.05131/) (2024)
- [End-to-End Training for Autoregressive Video Diffusion via Self-Resampling](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2512.15702/) (2025)
- [VideoTetris: Towards Compositional Text-to-Video Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2406.04277/) (2024)
- [Evaluating Newtonian Mechanics in Video Generative Models with Real Physical Systems](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2504.02918/) (2025)
- [ARLON: Boosting Diffusion Transformers with Autoregressive Models for Long Video Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.20502/) (2024)
- [Vivid-ZOO: Multi-View Video Generation with Diffusion Model](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2406.08659/) (2024)
- [Autoregressive Models in Vision: A Survey](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2411.05902/) (2024)
- [ViD-GPT: Introducing GPT-style Autoregressive Generation in Video Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2406.10981/) (2024)
- [VideoGen-of-Thought: Step-by-step generating multi-shot video with minimal manual intervention](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.15138/) (2025)
- [DreamForge: Motion-Aware Autoregressive Video Generation for Multi-View Driving Scenes](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2409.04003/) (2024)
- [World Models for Learning Dexterous Hand-Object Interactions from Human Videos](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2512.13644/) (2025)
- [Is Your World Simulator a Good Story Presenter? A Consecutive Events-Based Benchmark for Future Long Video Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2412.16211/) (2024)
- [From Sora What We Can See: A Survey of Text-to-Video Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2405.10674/) (2024)
- [Code2Video: A Code-centric Paradigm for Educational Video Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.01174/) (2025)
- [VidCapBench: A Comprehensive Benchmark of Video Captioning for Controllable Text-to-Video Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2502.12782/) (2025)

## Abstract (arXiv)

We present ARTboldsymbol·V, an efficient framework for auto-regressive video generation with diffusion models. Unlike existing methods that generate entire videos in one-shot, ARTboldsymbol·V generates a single frame at a time, conditioned on the previous ones. The framework offers three distinct advantages. First, it only learns simple continual motions between adjacent frames, therefore avoiding modeling complex long-range motions that require huge training data. Second, it preserves the high-fidelity generation ability of the pre-trained image diffusion models by making only minimal network modifications. Third, it can generate arbitrarily long videos conditioned on a variety of prompts such as text, image or their combinations, making it highly versatile and flexible. To combat the common drifting issue in AR models, we propose masked diffusion model which implicitly learns which information can be drawn from reference images rather than network predictions, in order to reduce the risk of generating inconsistent appearances that cause drifting. Moreover, we further enhance generation coherence by conditioning it on the initial frame, which typically contains minimal noise. This is particularly useful for long video generation. When trained for only two weeks on four GPUs, ARTboldsymbol·V already can generate videos with natural motions, rich details and a high level of aesthetic quality. Besides, it enables various appealing applications, e.g., composing a long video from multiple text prompts.