# Efficient Dataset Distillation via Minimax Diffusion

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.15529 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2311.15529/

## Key facts

- Cited by 83 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 47 of its 59 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 27 Nov 2023.

## Builds on (most cited first, 30 of 47)

- [Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1512.03385/) (2015)
- [An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scale](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2010.11929/) (2020)
- [Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2006.11239/) (2020)
- [Diffusion Models Beat GANs on Image Synthesis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2105.05233/) (2021)
- [Scalable Diffusion Models with Transformers](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2212.09748/) (2022)
- [Improved Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2102.09672/) (2021)
- [DreamBooth: Fine Tuning Text-to-Image Diffusion Models for Subject-Driven Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2208.12242/) (2022)
- [Contrastive Multiview Coding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1906.05849/) (2019)
- [Variational Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2107.00630/) (2021)
- [Dataset Condensation with Gradient Matching](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2006.05929/) (2020)
- [Dataset Distillation by Matching Training Trajectories](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2203.11932/) (2022)
- [Dataset Condensation with Distribution Matching](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2110.04181/) (2021)
- [Synthetic Data from Diffusion Models Improves ImageNet Classification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2304.08466/) (2023)
- [Is synthetic data from generative models ready for image recognition?](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.07574/) (2022)
- [Dataset Condensation with Differentiable Siamese Augmentation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2102.08259/) (2021)
- [Dataset Meta-Learning from Kernel Ridge-Regression](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2011.00050/) (2020)
- [Dataset Distillation with Infinitely Wide Convolutional Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2107.13034/) (2021)
- [Dataset Condensation via Efficient Synthetic-Data Parameterization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2205.14959/) (2022)
- [Dataset Distillation using Neural Feature Regression](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2206.00719/) (2022)
- [Fake it till you make it: Learning transferable representations from synthetic ImageNet clones](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2212.08420/) (2022)
- [Minimizing the Accumulated Trajectory Error to Improve Dataset Distillation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2211.11004/) (2022)
- [Mode Seeking Generative Adversarial Networks for Diverse Image Synthesis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1903.05628/) (2019)
- [Squeeze, Recover and Relabel: Dataset Condensation at ImageNet Scale From A New Perspective](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2306.13092/) (2023)
- [Generalizing Dataset Distillation via Deep Generative Prior](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2305.01649/) (2023)
- [Improved Distribution Matching for Dataset Condensation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2307.09742/) (2023)
- [Efficient Dataset Distillation Using Random Feature Approximation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.12067/) (2022)
- [Dataset Condensation with Contrastive Signals](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2202.02916/) (2022)
- [Generative Teaching Networks: Accelerating Neural Architecture Search by Learning to Generate Synthetic Training Data](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1912.07768/) (2019)
- [Remember the Past: Distilling Datasets into Addressable Memories for Neural Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2206.02916/) (2022)
- [Diversify Your Vision Datasets with Automatic Diffusion-Based Augmentation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2305.16289/) (2023)

## Built on by (most cited first, 30 of 83)

- [Visual Large Language Models for Generalized and Specialized Applications](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2501.02765/) (2025)
- [The Stronger the Diffusion Model, the Easier the Backdoor: Data Poisoning to Induce Copyright Breaches Without Adjusting Finetuning Pipeline](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2401.04136/) (2024)
- [Dataset Distillation via Curriculum Data Synthesis in Large Data Era](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2311.18838/) (2023)
- [The Evolution of Dataset Distillation: Toward Scalable and Generalizable Solutions](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2502.05673/) (2025)
- [Unlocking Dataset Distillation with Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.03881/) (2024)
- [DELT: A Simple Diversity-driven EarlyLate Training for Dataset Distillation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2411.19946/) (2024)
- [Dataset Distillation via Vision-Language Category Prototype](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2506.23580/) (2025)
- [Emphasizing Discriminative Features for Dataset Distillation in Complex Scenarios](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.17193/) (2024)
- [Taming Diffusion for Dataset Distillation with High Representativeness](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.18399/) (2025)
- [Hyperbolic Dataset Distillation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.24623/) (2025)
- [Self-supervised Dataset Distillation: A Good Compression Is All You Need](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2404.07976/) (2024)
- [CaO2: Rectifying Inconsistencies in Diffusion-Based Dataset Distillation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2506.22637/) (2025)
- [Hierarchical Features Matter: A Deep Exploration of Progressive Parameterization Method for Dataset Distillation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2406.05704/) (2024)
- [Generative Dataset Distillation Based on Diffusion Model](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2408.08610/) (2024)
- [TD3: Tucker Decomposition Based Dataset Distillation Method for Sequential Recommendation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2502.02854/) (2025)
- [Group Distributionally Robust Dataset Distillation with Risk Minimization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2402.04676/) (2024)
- [DD-Ranking: Rethinking the Evaluation of Dataset Distillation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.13300/) (2025)
- [Diversity-Driven Generative Dataset Distillation Based on Diffusion Model with Self-Adaptive Memory](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.19469/) (2025)
- [Information-Guided Diffusion Sampling for Dataset Distillation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.04619/) (2025)
- [Distilling Long-tailed Datasets](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2408.14506/) (2024)
- [Enhancing Dataset Distillation via Non-Critical Region Refinement](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.18267/) (2025)
- [HIERAMP: Coarse-to-Fine Autoregressive Amplification for Generative Dataset Distillation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2603.06932/) (2026)
- [DD-RobustBench: An Adversarial Robustness Benchmark for Dataset Distillation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.13322/) (2024)
- [Task-Specific Generative Dataset Distillation with Difficulty-Guided Sampling](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.03331/) (2025)
- [MGD3: Mode-Guided Dataset Distillation using Diffusion Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.18963/) (2025)
- [Efficient Multimodal Dataset Distillation via Generative Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2509.15472/) (2025)
- [Decoupled Audio-Visual Dataset Distillation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2511.17890/) (2025)
- [Dataset Condensation with Color Compensation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2508.01139/) (2025)
- [Optimizing Distributional Geometry Alignment with Optimal Transport for Generative Dataset Distillation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2512.00308/) (2025)
- [Prioritize Alignment in Dataset Distillation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2408.03360/) (2024)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Dataset distillation reduces the storage and computational consumption of training a network by generating a small surrogate dataset that encapsulates rich information of the original large-scale one. However, previous distillation methods heavily rely on the sample-wise iterative optimization scheme. As the images-per-class (IPC) setting or image resolution grows larger, the necessary computation will demand overwhelming time and resources. In this work, we intend to incorporate generative diffusion techniques for computing the surrogate dataset. Observing that key factors for constructing an effective surrogate dataset are representativeness and diversity, we design additional minimax criteria in the generative training to enhance these facets for the generated images of diffusion models. We present a theoretical model of the process as hierarchical diffusion control demonstrating the flexibility of the diffusion process to target these criteria without jeopardizing the faithfulness of the sample to the desired distribution. The proposed method achieves state-of-the-art validation performance while demanding much less computational resources. Under the 100-IPC setting on ImageWoof, our method requires less than one-twentieth the distillation time of previous methods, yet yields even better performance. Source code and generated data are available in https://github.com/vimar-gu/MinimaxDiffusion.