# A Review of Digital Twins and their Application in Cybersecurity based on Artificial Intelligence

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.01154 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2311.01154/

## Key facts

- Cited by 9 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 13 of its 159 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 2 Nov 2023.

## Builds on (most cited first, 13 of 13)

- [Digital-Twin-Enabled 6G: Vision, Architectural Trends, and Future Directions](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2102.12169/) (2021)
- [A Comprehensive Review of Digital Twin -- Part 1: Modeling and Twinning Enabling Technologies](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2208.14197/) (2022)
- [Explainable Artificial Intelligence Applications in Cyber Security: State-of-the-Art in Research](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2208.14937/) (2022)
- [Real-World Anomaly Detection by using Digital Twin Systems and Weakly-Supervised Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2011.06296/) (2020)
- [Digital Twins: State of the Art Theory and Practice, Challenges, and Open Research Questions](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2011.02833/) (2020)
- [A Survey on Digital Twins: Architecture, Enabling Technologies, Security and Privacy, and Future Prospects](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2301.13350/) (2023)
- [Cybersecurity of Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems: A Review](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2101.03564/) (2021)
- [Machine Learning for Intrusion Detection in Industrial Control Systems: Applications, Challenges, and Recommendations](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2202.11917/) (2022)
- [A Survey of Security and Privacy Issues in V2X Communication Systems](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2208.14674/) (2022)
- [Trustworthy Digital Twins in the Industrial Internet of Things with Blockchain](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2010.12168/) (2020)
- [Decentralized digital twins of complex dynamical systems](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2207.12245/) (2022)
- [Using a Cyber Digital Twin for Continuous Automotive Security Requirements Verification](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2102.00790/) (2021)
- [Security Attacks and Solutions for Digital Twins](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2202.12501/) (2022)

## Built on by (most cited first, 9 of 9)

- [Causal Digital Twins for Cyber-Physical Security: A Framework for Robust Anomaly Detection in Industrial Control Systems](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.09616/) (2025)
- [Public space security management using digital twin technologies](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.06996/) (2025)
- [A Virtual Cybersecurity Department for Securing Digital Twins in Water Distribution Systems](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2504.20266/) (2025)
- [Smart Water Security with AI and Blockchain-Enhanced Digital Twins](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2504.20275/) (2025)
- [The Dark Side of Digital Twins: Adversarial Attacks on AI-Driven Water Forecasting](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2504.20295/) (2025)
- [Semi-Supervised Supply Chain Fraud Detection with Unsupervised Pre-Filtering](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2508.06574/) (2025)
- [SORA-ATMAS: Adaptive Trust Management and Multi-LLM Aligned Governance for Future Smart Cities](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.19327/) (2025)
- [Cyber-Resilient Digital Twins: Discriminating Attacks for Safe Critical Infrastructure Control](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2603.18613/) (2026)
- [Digital Twin Degradation: Detecting Cyber Physical Attacks via Temporal Inconsistencies](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2608.16159/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

The potential of digital twin technology is yet to be fully realized due to its diversity and untapped potential. Digital twins enable systems' analysis, design, optimization, and evolution to be performed digitally or in conjunction with a cyber-physical approach to improve speed, accuracy, and efficiency over traditional engineering methods. Industry 4.0, factories of the future, and digital twins continue to benefit from the technology and provide enhanced efficiency within existing systems. Due to the lack of information and security standards associated with the transition to cyber digitization, cybercriminals have been able to take advantage of the situation. Access to a digital twin of a product or service is equivalent to threatening the entire collection. There is a robust interaction between digital twins and artificial intelligence tools, which leads to strong interaction between these technologies, so it can be used to improve the cybersecurity of these digital platforms based on their integration with these technologies. This study aims to investigate the role of artificial intelligence in providing cybersecurity for digital twin versions of various industries, as well as the risks associated with these versions. In addition, this research serves as a road map for researchers and others interested in cybersecurity and digital security.