# Deep Autoencoder-based Z-Interference Channels with Perfect and Imperfect CSI

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.15027 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2310.15027/

## Key facts

- Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 4 of its 38 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 23 Oct 2023.

## Builds on (most cited first, 4 of 4)

- [An Introduction to Deep Learning for the Physical Layer](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1702.00832/) (2017)
- [SVD-Embedded Deep Autoencoder for MIMO Communications](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2111.02359/) (2021)
- [Benchmarking End-to-end Learning of MIMO Physical-Layer Communication](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2005.09718/) (2020)
- [Interference-Aware Constellation Design for Z-Interference Channels with Imperfect CSI](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2303.08312/) (2023)

## Built on by (most cited first, 2 of 2)

- [Modulation and Coding for NOMA and RSMA](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.00239/) (2024)
- [Interference-Aware Super-Constellation Design for NOMA](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2503.07509/) (2025)

## Abstract (arXiv)

A deep autoencoder (DAE)-based structure for endto-end communication over the two-user Z-interference channel (ZIC) with finite-alphabet inputs is designed in this paper. The proposed structure jointly optimizes the two encoder/decoder pairs and generates interference-aware constellations that dynamically adapt their shape based on interference intensity to minimize the bit error rate (BER). An in-phase/quadrature-phase (I/Q) power allocation layer is introduced in the DAE to guarantee an average power constraint and enable the architecture to generate constellations with nonuniform shapes. This brings further gain compared to standard uniform constellations such as quadrature amplitude modulation. The proposed structure is then extended to work with imperfect channel state information (CSI). The CSI imperfection due to both the estimation and quantization errors are examined. The performance of the DAEZIC is compared with two baseline methods, i.e., standard and rotated constellations. The proposed structure significantly enhances the performance of the ZIC both for the perfect and imperfect CSI. Simulation results show that the improvement is achieved in all interference regimes (weak, moderate, and strong) and consistently increases with the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). For example, more than an order of magnitude BER reduction is obtained with respect to the most competitive conventional method at weak interference when SNR>15dB and two bits per symbol are transmitted. The improvements reach about two orders of magnitude when quantization error exists, indicating that the DAE-ZIC is more robust to the interference compared to the conventional methods.