# A Deep Learning Analysis of Climate Change, Innovation, and Uncertainty

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.13200 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2310.13200/

## Key facts

- Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 5 of its 103 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 19 Oct 2023.

## Builds on (most cited first, 5 of 5)

- [Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1412.6980/) (2014)
- [Deep Learning Approximation for Stochastic Control Problems](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1611.07422/) (2016)
- [Constrained Monotonic Neural Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2205.11775/) (2022)
- [A deep solver for BSDEs with jumps](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2211.04349/) (2022)
- [Deep learning approximations for non-local nonlinear PDEs with Neumann boundary conditions](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2205.03672/) (2022)

## Built on by (most cited first, 2 of 2)

- [Global Solutions to Master Equations for Continuous Time Heterogeneous Agent Macroeconomic Models](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2406.13726/) (2024)
- [Net-Zero: A Comparative Study on Neural Network Design for Climate-Economic PDEs Under Uncertainty](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.13264/) (2025)

## Abstract (arXiv)

We study the implications of model uncertainty in a climate-economics framework with three types of capital: "dirty" capital that produces carbon emissions when used for production, "clean" capital that generates no emissions but is initially less productive than dirty capital, and knowledge capital that increases with R&D investment and leads to technological innovation in green sector productivity. To solve our high-dimensional, non-linear model framework we implement a neural-network-based global solution method. We show there are first-order impacts of model uncertainty on optimal decisions and social valuations in our integrated climate-economic-innovation framework. Accounting for interconnected uncertainty over climate dynamics, economic damages from climate change, and the arrival of a green technological change leads to substantial adjustments to investment in the different capital types in anticipation of technological change and the revelation of climate damage severity.