# What you see is not what is there: Mechanisms, models, and methods for point pattern deviations

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.02292 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2310.02292/

## Key facts

- Cited by 1 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 3 Oct 2023.

## Built on by (most cited first, 1 of 1)

- [Robust variable selection for spatial point processes observed with noise](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.25550/) (2025)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Many natural systems are observed as point patterns in time, space, or space and time. Examples include plant and cellular systems, animal colonies, earthquakes, and wildfires. In practice the locations of the points are not always observed correctly. However, in the point process literature, there has been relatively scant attention paid to the issue of errors in the location of points. In this paper, we discuss how the observed point pattern may deviate from the actual point pattern and review methods and models that exist to handle such deviations. The discussion is supplemented with several scientific illustrations.