# BiSinger: Bilingual Singing Voice Synthesis

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.14089 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2309.14089/

## Key facts

- Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 17 of its 31 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 25 Sep 2023.

## Builds on (most cited first, 17 of 17)

- [Robust Speech Recognition via Large-Scale Weak Supervision](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2212.04356/) (2022)
- [HiFi-GAN: Generative Adversarial Networks for Efficient and High Fidelity Speech Synthesis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2010.05646/) (2020)
- [Conditional Variational Autoencoder with Adversarial Learning for End-to-End Text-to-Speech](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2106.06103/) (2021)
- [Tacotron: Towards End-to-End Speech Synthesis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1703.10135/) (2017)
- [DiffSinger: Singing Voice Synthesis via Shallow Diffusion Mechanism](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2105.02446/) (2021)
- [Learning to Speak Fluently in a Foreign Language: Multilingual Speech Synthesis and Cross-Language Voice Cloning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1907.04448/) (2019)
- [Bytes are All You Need: End-to-End Multilingual Speech Recognition and Synthesis with Bytes](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1811.09021/) (2018)
- [VISinger: Variational Inference with Adversarial Learning for End-to-End Singing Voice Synthesis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2110.08813/) (2021)
- [XiaoiceSing: A High-Quality and Integrated Singing Voice Synthesis System](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2006.06261/) (2020)
- [DeepSinger: Singing Voice Synthesis with Data Mined From the Web](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2007.04590/) (2020)
- [One Model, Many Languages: Meta-learning for Multilingual Text-to-Speech](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2008.00768/) (2020)
- [ByteSing: A Chinese Singing Voice Synthesis System Using Duration Allocated Encoder-Decoder Acoustic Models and WaveRNN Vocoders](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2004.11012/) (2020)
- [Learning pronunciation from a foreign language in speech synthesis networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1811.09364/) (2018)
- [Cross-lingual Multi-speaker Text-to-speech Synthesis for Voice Cloning without Using Parallel Corpus for Unseen Speakers](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1911.11601/) (2019)
- [Muskits: an End-to-End Music Processing Toolkit for Singing Voice Synthesis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2205.04029/) (2022)
- [NNSVS: A Neural Network-Based Singing Voice Synthesis Toolkit](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2210.15987/) (2022)
- [Improve Bilingual TTS Using Dynamic Language and Phonology Embedding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2212.03435/) (2022)

## Built on by (most cited first, 2 of 2)

- [An End-to-End Approach for Chord-Conditioned Song Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2409.06307/) (2024)
- [LAPS-Diff: A Diffusion-Based Framework for Singing Voice Synthesis With Language Aware Prosody-Style Guided Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.04966/) (2025)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Although Singing Voice Synthesis (SVS) has made great strides with Text-to-Speech (TTS) techniques, multilingual singing voice modeling remains relatively unexplored. This paper presents BiSinger, a bilingual pop SVS system for English and Chinese Mandarin. Current systems require separate models per language and cannot accurately represent both Chinese and English, hindering code-switch SVS. To address this gap, we design a shared representation between Chinese and English singing voices, achieved by using the CMU dictionary with mapping rules. We fuse monolingual singing datasets with open-source singing voice conversion techniques to generate bilingual singing voices while also exploring the potential use of bilingual speech data. Experiments affirm that our language-independent representation and incorporation of related datasets enable a single model with enhanced performance in English and code-switch SVS while maintaining Chinese song performance. Audio samples are available at https://bisinger-svs.github.io.