# On the Sweet Spot of Contrastive Views for Knowledge-enhanced Recommendation

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.13384 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2309.13384/

## Key facts

- No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 36 of its 51 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 23 Sep 2023.

## Builds on (most cited first, 30 of 36)

- [BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1810.04805/) (2018)
- [A Simple Framework for Contrastive Learning of Visual Representations](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2002.05709/) (2020)
- [Representation Learning with Contrastive Predictive Coding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1807.03748/) (2018)
- [Momentum Contrast for Unsupervised Visual Representation Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1911.05722/) (2019)
- [A Comprehensive Survey on Graph Neural Networks](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1901.00596/) (2019)
- [Big Self-Supervised Models are Strong Semi-Supervised Learners](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2006.10029/) (2020)
- [LightGCN: Simplifying and Powering Graph Convolution Network for Recommendation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2002.02126/) (2020)
- [Neural Collaborative Filtering](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1708.05031/) (2017)
- [RotatE: Knowledge Graph Embedding by Relational Rotation in Complex Space](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1902.10197/) (2019)
- [What Makes for Good Views for Contrastive Learning?](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2005.10243/) (2020)
- [Neural Graph Collaborative Filtering](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1905.08108/) (2019)
- [Mind the Gap: Understanding the Modality Gap in Multi-modal Contrastive Representation Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2203.02053/) (2022)
- [KGAT: Knowledge Graph Attention Network for Recommendation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1905.07854/) (2019)
- [Self-supervised Graph Learning for Recommendation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2010.10783/) (2020)
- [Neural Factorization Machines for Sparse Predictive Analytics](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1708.05027/) (2017)
- [Are Graph Augmentations Necessary? Simple Graph Contrastive Learning for Recommendation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2112.08679/) (2021)
- [RippleNet: Propagating User Preferences on the Knowledge Graph for Recommender Systems](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1803.03467/) (2018)
- [RecBole: Towards a Unified, Comprehensive and Efficient Framework for Recommendation Algorithms](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2011.01731/) (2020)
- [DKN: Deep Knowledge-Aware Network for News Recommendation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1801.08284/) (2018)
- [Heterogeneous Information Network Embedding for Recommendation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1711.10730/) (2017)
- [Knowledge Graph Convolutional Networks for Recommender Systems](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1904.12575/) (2019)
- [Knowledge-aware Graph Neural Networks with Label Smoothness Regularization for Recommender Systems](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1905.04413/) (2019)
- [Learning Intents behind Interactions with Knowledge Graph for Recommendation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2102.07057/) (2021)
- [Unifying Knowledge Graph Learning and Recommendation: Towards a Better Understanding of User Preferences](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1902.06236/) (2019)
- [Improving Graph Collaborative Filtering with Neighborhood-enriched Contrastive Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2202.06200/) (2022)
- [Multi-Task Feature Learning for Knowledge Graph Enhanced Recommendation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1901.08907/) (2019)
- [Knowledge Graph Contrastive Learning for Recommendation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2205.00976/) (2022)
- [XSimGCL: Towards Extremely Simple Graph Contrastive Learning for Recommendation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2209.02544/) (2022)
- [Multi-level Cross-view Contrastive Learning for Knowledge-aware Recommender System](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2204.08807/) (2022)
- [An Efficient Neighborhood-based Interaction Model for Recommendation on Heterogeneous Graph](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2007.00216/) (2020)

## Abstract (arXiv)

In recommender systems, knowledge graph (KG) can offer critical information that is lacking in the original user-item interaction graph (IG). Recent process has explored this direction and shows that contrastive learning is a promising way to integrate both. However, we observe that existing KG-enhanced recommenders struggle in balancing between the two contrastive views of IG and KG, making them sometimes even less effective than simply applying contrastive learning on IG without using KG. In this paper, we propose a new contrastive learning framework for KG-enhanced recommendation. Specifically, to make full use of the knowledge, we construct two separate contrastive views for KG and IG, and maximize their mutual information; to ease the contrastive learning on the two views, we further fuse KG information into IG in a one-direction manner.Extensive experimental results on three real-world datasets demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of our method, compared to the state-of-the-art. Our code is available through the anonymous link:https://figshare.com/articles/conference_contribution/SimKGCL/22783382