# Policy Patterns for Usage Control in Data Spaces

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.11289 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2309.11289/

## Key facts

- Cited by 4 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- First posted on arXiv 20 Sep 2023.

## Built on by (most cited first, 4 of 4)

- [Open Digital Rights Enforcement Framework (ODRE): from descriptive to enforceable policies](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2409.17602/) (2024)
- [From Instructions to ODRL Usage Policies: An Ontology Guided Approach](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2506.03301/) (2025)
- [AgentODRL: A Large Language Model-based Multi-agent System for ODRL Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2512.00602/) (2025)
- [What Does ODRL Mean? A Cross-Level Ontological Grounding of Permissions, Prohibitions, and Duties in UFO-L](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2606.24344/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Data-driven technologies have the potential to initiate a transportation related revolution in the way we travel, commute and navigate within cities. As a major effort of this transformation relies on Mobility Data Spaces for the exchange of mobility data, the necessity to protect valuable data and formulate conditions for data exchange arises. This paper presents key contributions to the development of automated contract negotiation and data usage policies in the Mobility Data Space. A comprehensive listing of policy patterns for usage control is provided, addressing common requirements and scenarios in data sharing and governance. The use of the Open Digital Rights Language (ODRL) is proposed to formalize the collected policies, along with an extension of the ODRL vocabulary for data space-specific properties.