# OpenIllumination: A Multi-Illumination Dataset for Inverse Rendering Evaluation on Real Objects

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.07921 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2309.07921/

## Key facts

- Cited by 31 papers in the map (data through 13 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 22 of its 55 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 14 Sep 2023.

## Builds on (most cited first, 22 of 22)

- [Segment Anything](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2304.02643/) (2023)
- [Instant Neural Graphics Primitives with a Multiresolution Hash Encoding](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2201.05989/) (2022)
- [NeuS: Learning Neural Implicit Surfaces by Volume Rendering for Multi-view Reconstruction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2106.10689/) (2021)
- [TensoRF: Tensorial Radiance Fields](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2203.09517/) (2022)
- [Deep Marching Tetrahedra: a Hybrid Representation for High-Resolution 3D Shape Synthesis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2111.04276/) (2021)
- [NeRD: Neural Reflectance Decomposition from Image Collections](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2012.03918/) (2020)
- [Extracting Triangular 3D Models, Materials, and Lighting From Images](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2111.12503/) (2021)
- [PhySG: Inverse Rendering with Spherical Gaussians for Physics-based Material Editing and Relighting](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2104.00674/) (2021)
- [Neural-PIL: Neural Pre-Integrated Lighting for Reflectance Decomposition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2110.14373/) (2021)
- [Neural Reflectance Fields for Appearance Acquisition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2008.03824/) (2020)
- [Real-Time High-Resolution Background Matting](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2012.07810/) (2020)
- [Modeling Indirect Illumination for Inverse Rendering](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2204.06837/) (2022)
- [TensoIR: Tensorial Inverse Rendering](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2304.12461/) (2023)
- [Shape, Light, and Material Decomposition from Images using Monte Carlo Rendering and Denoising](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2206.03380/) (2022)
- [NeRF for Outdoor Scene Relighting](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2112.05140/) (2021)
- [IRON: Inverse Rendering by Optimizing Neural SDFs and Materials from Photometric Images](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2204.02232/) (2022)
- [Deep 3D Capture: Geometry and Reflectance from Sparse Multi-View Images](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2003.12642/) (2020)
- [Multi-View Photometric Stereo: A Robust Solution and Benchmark Dataset for Spatially Varying Isotropic Materials](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2001.06659/) (2020)
- [A Dataset of Multi-Illumination Images in the Wild](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1910.08131/) (2019)
- [ReLight My NeRF: A Dataset for Novel View Synthesis and Relighting of Real World Objects](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2304.10448/) (2023)
- [NeROIC: Neural Rendering of Objects from Online Image Collections](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2201.02533/) (2022)
- [Reusable Templates and Guides For Documenting Datasets and Models for Natural Language Processing and Generation: A Case Study of the HuggingFace and GEM Data and Model Cards](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2108.07374/) (2021)

## Built on by (most cited first, 30 of 31)

- [MeshLRM: Large Reconstruction Model for High-Quality Meshes](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2404.12385/) (2024)
- [Stanford-ORB: A Real-World 3D Object Inverse Rendering Benchmark](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2310.16044/) (2023)
- [LRM-Zero: Training Large Reconstruction Models with Synthesized Data](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2406.09371/) (2024)
- [Baking Gaussian Splatting into Diffusion Denoiser for Fast and Scalable Single-stage Image-to-3D Generation and Reconstruction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2411.14384/) (2024)
- [Digital Twin Catalog: A Large-Scale Photorealistic 3D Object Digital Twin Dataset](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2504.08541/) (2025)
- [ZeroRF: Fast Sparse View 360deg Reconstruction with Zero Pretraining](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2312.09249/) (2023)
- [Objects With Lighting: A Real-World Dataset for Evaluating Reconstruction and Rendering for Object Relighting](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2401.09126/) (2024)
- [Flash Cache: Reducing Bias in Radiance Cache Based Inverse Rendering](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2409.05867/) (2024)
- [Robo360: A 3D Omnispective Multi-Material Robotic Manipulation Dataset](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2312.06686/) (2023)
- [HumanOLAT: A Large-Scale Dataset for Full-Body Human Relighting and Novel-View Synthesis](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2508.09137/) (2025)
- [RENI++ A Rotation-Equivariant, Scale-Invariant, Natural Illumination Prior](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2311.09361/) (2023)
- [AugGS: Self-augmented Gaussians with Structural Masks for Sparse-view 3D Reconstruction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2408.04831/) (2024)
- [OLATverse: A Large-scale Real-world Object Dataset with Precise Lighting Control](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2511.02483/) (2025)
- [LightCity: An Urban Dataset for Outdoor Inverse Rendering and Reconstruction under Multi-illumination Conditions](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2602.01118/) (2026)
- [LumiSculpt: Enabling Consistent Portrait Lighting in Video Generation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.22979/) (2024)
- [Sparse-View 3D Reconstruction: Recent Advances and Open Challenges](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2507.16406/) (2025)
- [PIR: Photometric Inverse Rendering with Shading Cues Modeling and Surface Reflectance Regularization](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2408.06828/) (2024)
- [Baking Relightable NeRF for Real-time Direct/Indirect Illumination Rendering](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2409.10327/) (2024)
- [MLI-NeRF: Multi-Light Intrinsic-Aware Neural Radiance Fields](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2411.17235/) (2024)
- [DualMat: PBR Material Estimation via Coherent Dual-Path Diffusion](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2508.05060/) (2025)
- [UAVLight: A Benchmark for Illumination-Robust 3D Reconstruction in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Scenes](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2511.21565/) (2025)
- [POLAR: A Portrait OLAT Dataset and Generative Framework for Illumination-Aware Face Modeling](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2512.13192/) (2025)
- [Learning Latent Proxies for Controllable Single-Image Relighting](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2603.15555/) (2026)
- [LumiMotion: Improving Gaussian Relighting with Scene Dynamics](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2604.10994/) (2026)
- [OpenMaterial: A Large-scale Dataset of Complex Materials for 3D Reconstruction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2406.08894/) (2024)
- [Incorporating dense metric depth into neural 3D representations for view synthesis and relighting](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2409.03061/) (2024)
- [An Illumination-Robust Feature Extractor Augmented by Relightable 3D Reconstruction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.00629/) (2024)
- [EvalMVX: A Unified Benchmarking for Neural 3D Reconstruction under Diverse Multiview Setups](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2602.24065/) (2026)
- [WildRelight: A Real-World Benchmark and Physics-Guided Adaptation for Single-Image Relighting](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2605.11696/) (2026)
- [Wild3R: Feed-Forward 3D Gaussian Splatting from Unconstrained Sparse Photo Collection](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2606.11894/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

We introduce OpenIllumination, a real-world dataset containing over 108K images of 64 objects with diverse materials, captured under 72 camera views and a large number of different illuminations. For each image in the dataset, we provide accurate camera parameters, illumination ground truth, and foreground segmentation masks. Our dataset enables the quantitative evaluation of most inverse rendering and material decomposition methods for real objects. We examine several state-of-the-art inverse rendering methods on our dataset and compare their performances. The dataset and code can be found on the project page: https://oppo-us-research.github.io/OpenIllumination.