# Lexical Diversity in Kinship Across Languages and Dialects

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.13056 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2308.13056/

## Key facts

- Cited by 4 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 11 of its 68 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 24 Aug 2023.

## Builds on (most cited first, 11 of 11)

- [One Country, 700+ Languages: NLP Challenges for Underrepresented Languages and Dialects in Indonesia](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2203.13357/) (2022)
- [UniMorph 4.0: Universal Morphology](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2205.03608/) (2022)
- [A Corpus for Large-Scale Phonetic Typology](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2005.13962/) (2020)
- [Using Linguistic Typology to Enrich Multilingual Lexicons: the Case of Lexical Gaps in Kinship](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2204.05049/) (2022)
- [Language Diversity: Visible to Humans, Exploitable by Machines](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2203.04723/) (2022)
- [Towards Bridging the Digital Language Divide](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2307.13405/) (2023)
- [A semantics-driven methodology for high-quality image annotation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2307.14119/) (2023)
- [Modeling Color Terminology Across Thousands of Languages](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1910.01531/) (2019)
- [Bhasacitra: Visualising the dialect geography of South Asia](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2105.14082/) (2021)
- [Diversity and Language Technology: How Techno-Linguistic Bias Can Cause Epistemic Injustice](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2307.13714/) (2023)
- [Classifying concepts via visual properties](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2105.09422/) (2021)

## Built on by (most cited first, 4 of 4)

- [Advancing the Arabic WordNet: Elevating Content Quality](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.20215/) (2024)
- [Locally Measuring Cross-lingual Lexical Alignment: A Domain and Word Level Perspective](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.07239/) (2024)
- [Crowdsourcing Lexical Diversity](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2410.23133/) (2024)
- [Discovering Lexical Gaps Using Embeddings from Multilingual LLMs](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2605.24310/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Languages are known to describe the world in diverse ways. Across lexicons, diversity is pervasive, appearing through phenomena such as lexical gaps and untranslatability. However, in computational resources, such as multilingual lexical databases, diversity is hardly ever represented. In this paper, we introduce a method to enrich computational lexicons with content relating to linguistic diversity. The method is verified through two large-scale case studies on kinship terminology, a domain known to be diverse across languages and cultures: one case study deals with seven Arabic dialects, while the other one with three Indonesian languages. Our results, made available as browseable and downloadable computational resources, extend prior linguistics research on kinship terminology, and provide insight into the extent of diversity even within linguistically and culturally close communities.