# DVGaze: Dual-View Gaze Estimation

arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.10310 · HTML: https://mlsanity.com/paper/2308.10310/

## Key facts

- Cited by 15 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026).
- Builds on 16 of its 36 references that are in the map.
- First posted on arXiv 20 Aug 2023.

## Builds on (most cited first, 16 of 16)

- [Attention Is All You Need](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1706.03762/) (2017)
- [Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1512.03385/) (2015)
- [An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scale](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2010.11929/) (2020)
- [ETH-XGaze: A Large Scale Dataset for Gaze Estimation under Extreme Head Pose and Gaze Variation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2007.15837/) (2020)
- [It's Written All Over Your Face: Full-Face Appearance-Based Gaze Estimation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1611.08860/) (2016)
- [Appearance-based Gaze Estimation With Deep Learning: A Review and Benchmark](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2104.12668/) (2021)
- [Deep Visual Attention Prediction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1705.02544/) (2017)
- [Gaze Estimation using Transformer](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2105.14424/) (2021)
- [A Coarse-to-Fine Adaptive Network for Appearance-Based Gaze Estimation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2001.00187/) (2020)
- [Connecting Gaze, Scene, and Attention: Generalized Attention Estimation via Joint Modeling of Gaze and Scene Saliency](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1807.10437/) (2018)
- [Deep Pictorial Gaze Estimation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1807.10002/) (2018)
- [Appearance-Based Gaze Estimation Using Dilated-Convolutions](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1903.07296/) (2019)
- [Towards End-to-end Video-based Eye-Tracking](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2007.13120/) (2020)
- [Learning-by-Novel-View-Synthesis for Full-Face Appearance-Based 3D Gaze Estimation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2201.07927/) (2022)
- [Gaze Estimation for Assisted Living Environments](https://mlsanity.com/paper/1909.09225/) (2019)
- [High-Fidelity Eye Animatable Neural Radiance Fields for Human Face](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2308.00773/) (2023)

## Built on by (most cited first, 15 of 15)

- [What Do You See in Vehicle? Comprehensive Vision Solution for In-Vehicle Gaze Estimation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2403.15664/) (2024)
- [Multi-Modal Gaze Following in Conversational Scenarios](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2311.05669/) (2023)
- [GazeHTA: End-to-end Gaze Target Detection with Head-Target Association](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2404.10718/) (2024)
- [Modeling State Shifting via Local-Global Distillation for Event-Frame Gaze Tracking](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2404.00548/) (2024)
- [Multi-view Gaze Target Estimation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2508.05857/) (2025)
- [3D Prior is All You Need: Cross-Task Few-shot 2D Gaze Estimation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2502.04074/) (2025)
- [MAC-Gaze: Motion-Aware Continual Calibration for Mobile Gaze Tracking](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2505.22769/) (2025)
- [GazeCLIP: Enhancing Gaze Estimation Through Text-Guided Multimodal Learning](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2401.00260/) (2023)
- [GaTector+: A Unified Head-free Framework for Gaze Object and Gaze Following Prediction](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2510.25301/) (2025)
- [See Where You Read with Eye Gaze Tracking and Large Language Model](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2409.19454/) (2024)
- [Tri-Cam: Practical Eye Gaze Tracking via Camera Network](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2409.19554/) (2024)
- [Multi-task Gaze Estimation Via Unidirectional Convolution](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2411.18061/) (2024)
- [Learning Spatio-Temporal Feature Representations for Video-Based Gaze Estimation](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2512.17673/) (2025)
- [GMGaze: MoE-Based Context-Aware Gaze Estimation with CLIP and Multiscale Transformer](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2605.00799/) (2026)
- [PicoEyes: Unified Gaze Estimation Framework for Mixed Reality with a Large-Scale Multi-View Dataset](https://mlsanity.com/paper/2605.07188/) (2026)

## Abstract (arXiv)

Gaze estimation methods estimate gaze from facial appearance with a single camera. However, due to the limited view of a single camera, the captured facial appearance cannot provide complete facial information and thus complicate the gaze estimation problem. Recently, camera devices are rapidly updated. Dual cameras are affordable for users and have been integrated in many devices. This development suggests that we can further improve gaze estimation performance with dual-view gaze estimation. In this paper, we propose a dual-view gaze estimation network (DV-Gaze). DV-Gaze estimates dual-view gaze directions from a pair of images. We first propose a dual-view interactive convolution (DIC) block in DV-Gaze. DIC blocks exchange dual-view information during convolution in multiple feature scales. It fuses dual-view features along epipolar lines and compensates for the original feature with the fused feature. We further propose a dual-view transformer to estimate gaze from dual-view features. Camera poses are encoded to indicate the position information in the transformer. We also consider the geometric relation between dual-view gaze directions and propose a dual-view gaze consistency loss for DV-Gaze. DV-Gaze achieves state-of-the-art performance on ETH-XGaze and EVE datasets. Our experiments also prove the potential of dual-view gaze estimation. We release codes in https://github.com/yihuacheng/DVGaze.